From: Increase of chronic low back pain prevalence in a medium-sized city of southern Brazil
Variable |  |   2002 |  |   2010 |  |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | % (95% CI)†| p | % (95% CI)†| p | PRR (95% CI)|| |
Total | 4.2 (3.5-5.0) | Â | 9.6 (8.3-10.8) | Â | 2.29(1.77-2.68) |
Sex |  | <0.001§ |  | <0.001§ |  |
Male | 2.9 (2.3-3.5) | Â | 6.6 (5.1-8.1) | Â | 2.28(1.51-3.23) |
Female | 5.2 (4.4-6.0) | Â | 11.7 (10.0-13.4) | Â | 2.25(1.68-2.75) |
Age |  | <0.001§§ |  | <0.001§§ |  |
20-29 | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) | Â | 3.9 (2.4-5.4) | Â | 3.90(1.56-7.79) |
30-39 | 3.1 (2.5-3.8) | Â | 7.6 (5.2-10.0) | Â | 2.45(1.43-4.22) |
40-49 | 5.3 (4.6-6.1) | Â | 10.8 (8.1-13.6) | Â | 2.04(1.29-2.94) |
50-59 | 7.7 (6.8-8.7) | Â | 12.5 (9.3-15.7) | Â | 1.62(1.07-2.35) |
60-69 | 4.9 (4.2-5.7) | Â | 13.0 (9.2-16.8) | Â | 2.65(1.48-4.71) |
≥ 70 | 5.3 (4.6-6.1) |  | 12.9 (8.6-17.2) |  | 2.43(1.17-3.85) |
Skin color |  | 0.7§ |  | 0.25§ |  |
White | 4.3 (3.6-5.1) | Â | 9.3 (7.9-10.6) | Â | 2.16(1.66-2.62) |
Non white | 3.9 (3.2-4.6) | Â | 10.9 (8.1-13.7) | Â | 2.79(1.59-4.41) |
Education (years) |  | <0.001§§ |  | <0.001§§ |  |
0 | 6.9 (6.0-7.8) | Â | 14.3 (9.7-18.9) | Â | 2.07(1.10-3.94) |
1-4 | 6.3 (5.5-7.2) | Â | 13.0 (10.2-15.7) | Â | 2.06(1.33-2.89) |
5-8 | 4.4 (3.7-5.2) | Â | 9.7 (7.5-11.9) | Â | 2.20(1.47-3.02) |
9-11 | 2.7 (2.2-3.3) | Â | 8.1 (5.9-10.2) | Â | 3.00(1.75-4.67) |
≥ 12 | 2.0 (1.5-2.6) |  | 6.8 (4.7-8.8) |  | 3.40(1.51-6.12) |
Economic status |  | 0.07§§ |  | 0.02§§ |  |
High | 2.8 (2.3-3.4) | Â | 7.8 (5.0-10.5) | Â | 2.79(1.48-4.20) |
Medium | 4.6 (3.9-5.4) | Â | 9.0 (7.4-10.5) | Â | 1.96(1.41-2.63) |
Low | 4.6 (3.9-5.4) | Â | 11.3 (9.0-13.6) | Â | 2.46(1.67-3.20) |
Smoking |  | 0.03§§ |  | 0.007§§ |  |
Never smoker | 3.2 (2.6-3.9) | Â | 8.0 (6.6-9.4) | Â | 2.50(1.68-3.14) |
Former smoker | 5.0 (4.3-5.8) | Â | 11.3 (8.5-14.1) | Â | 2.26(1.50-3.47) |
Current smoker | 5.5 (4.7-6.3) | Â | 11.5 (9.2-13.9) | Â | 2.09(1.41-2.94) |
BMI ‡ |  | 0.01§§ |  | <0.001§§ |  |
≤ 19.9 | 2.7 (2.1-3.3) |  | 4.3 (0.5-8.0) |  | 1.59(0.34-3.72) |
20-24.9 | 3.4 (2.8-4.1) | Â | 8.0 (6.1-9.8) | Â | 2.35(1.60-3.43) |
25-29.9 | 4.1 (3.4-4.9) | Â | 8.4 (6.5-10.2) | Â | 2.05(1.33-2.75) |
≥ 30 | 6.2 (5.4-7.1) |  | 14.2 (11.5-16.9) |  | 2.29(1.44-3.37) |