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Table 3 Chronic low back pain in adults of Pelotas, in the years 2002 and 2010

From: Increase of chronic low back pain prevalence in a medium-sized city of southern Brazil

Variable

 

  2002

 

  2010

 
 

% (95% CI)†

p

% (95% CI)†

p

PRR (95% CI)||

Total

4.2 (3.5-5.0)

 

9.6 (8.3-10.8)

 

2.29(1.77-2.68)

Sex

 

<0.001§

 

<0.001§

 

Male

2.9 (2.3-3.5)

 

6.6 (5.1-8.1)

 

2.28(1.51-3.23)

Female

5.2 (4.4-6.0)

 

11.7 (10.0-13.4)

 

2.25(1.68-2.75)

Age

 

<0.001§§

 

<0.001§§

 

20-29

1.0 (0.7-1.4)

 

3.9 (2.4-5.4)

 

3.90(1.56-7.79)

30-39

3.1 (2.5-3.8)

 

7.6 (5.2-10.0)

 

2.45(1.43-4.22)

40-49

5.3 (4.6-6.1)

 

10.8 (8.1-13.6)

 

2.04(1.29-2.94)

50-59

7.7 (6.8-8.7)

 

12.5 (9.3-15.7)

 

1.62(1.07-2.35)

60-69

4.9 (4.2-5.7)

 

13.0 (9.2-16.8)

 

2.65(1.48-4.71)

≥ 70

5.3 (4.6-6.1)

 

12.9 (8.6-17.2)

 

2.43(1.17-3.85)

Skin color

 

0.7§

 

0.25§

 

White

4.3 (3.6-5.1)

 

9.3 (7.9-10.6)

 

2.16(1.66-2.62)

Non white

3.9 (3.2-4.6)

 

10.9 (8.1-13.7)

 

2.79(1.59-4.41)

Education (years)

 

<0.001§§

 

<0.001§§

 

0

6.9 (6.0-7.8)

 

14.3 (9.7-18.9)

 

2.07(1.10-3.94)

1-4

6.3 (5.5-7.2)

 

13.0 (10.2-15.7)

 

2.06(1.33-2.89)

5-8

4.4 (3.7-5.2)

 

9.7 (7.5-11.9)

 

2.20(1.47-3.02)

9-11

2.7 (2.2-3.3)

 

8.1 (5.9-10.2)

 

3.00(1.75-4.67)

≥ 12

2.0 (1.5-2.6)

 

6.8 (4.7-8.8)

 

3.40(1.51-6.12)

Economic status

 

0.07§§

 

0.02§§

 

High

2.8 (2.3-3.4)

 

7.8 (5.0-10.5)

 

2.79(1.48-4.20)

Medium

4.6 (3.9-5.4)

 

9.0 (7.4-10.5)

 

1.96(1.41-2.63)

Low

4.6 (3.9-5.4)

 

11.3 (9.0-13.6)

 

2.46(1.67-3.20)

Smoking

 

0.03§§

 

0.007§§

 

Never smoker

3.2 (2.6-3.9)

 

8.0 (6.6-9.4)

 

2.50(1.68-3.14)

Former smoker

5.0 (4.3-5.8)

 

11.3 (8.5-14.1)

 

2.26(1.50-3.47)

Current smoker

5.5 (4.7-6.3)

 

11.5 (9.2-13.9)

 

2.09(1.41-2.94)

BMI ‡

 

0.01§§

 

<0.001§§

 

≤ 19.9

2.7 (2.1-3.3)

 

4.3 (0.5-8.0)

 

1.59(0.34-3.72)

20-24.9

3.4 (2.8-4.1)

 

8.0 (6.1-9.8)

 

2.35(1.60-3.43)

25-29.9

4.1 (3.4-4.9)

 

8.4 (6.5-10.2)

 

2.05(1.33-2.75)

≥ 30

6.2 (5.4-7.1)

 

14.2 (11.5-16.9)

 

2.29(1.44-3.37)

  1. † 95% Confidence Interval.
  2. ‡ BMI: Body Mass Index.
  3. § Chi-square test of heterogeneity.
  4. §§Linear test for trend.
  5. || PRRs and CIs were estimated via poisson regression.