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Table 1 Overview of the most prominent results

From: Modern psychometrics applied in rheumatology–A systematic review

Variable

PRO-studies

CM-studies

Total-studies

n

% *

n

% *

n

% *

US

26

30.6

4

28.6

30

30.3

UK

24

28.2

2

14.3

26

26.3

Netherlands

11

12.9

4

28.6

15

15.2

Canada

10

11.8

1

7.1

11

11.1

Other

32

37.6

5

35.7

37

37.4

Cross-sectional

76

89.4

14

100.0

90

90.9

Longitudinal

13

15.3

2

14.3

15

15.2

RA

43

50.6

5

35.7

48

48.5

OA

31

36.5

3

21.4

34

34.3

Other

31

36.5

7

50.0

38

38.4

Overall physical functioning

33

38.8

2

14.3

35

35.4

Quality of life

26

30.6

2

14.3

28

28.3

Specific functioning

10

11.8

0

0.0

10

10.1

Pain

7

8.2

0

0.0

7

7.1

Psychological constructs

3

3.5

0

0.0

3

3.0

Work disability

5

5.9

0

0.0

5

5.0

Disease activity

0

0.0

3

21.4

3

3.0

Disease damage or radiographic severity

0

0.0

3

21.4

3

3.0

Other

11

12.9

4

28.6

15

15.2

Development/evaluation new measures

25

29.4

2

14.3

27

31.4

Evaluation existing measures

31

36.5

6

42.9

37

37.4

Development/evaluation alternate/short form

11

12.9

2

14.3

13

13.1

Development item bank or CAT

4

4.7

0

0.0

4

4.0

Cross-cultural validation

7

8.2

2

14.3

9

9.1

Other

11

12.9

3

21.4

14

14.1

Bigsteps/Winsteps

28

32.9

3

21.4

31

31.3

RUMM

29

34.1

6

42.9

35

35.4

Other/not specified

29

34.1

5

35.7

34

34.3

Rasch

72

84.7

12

85.7

84

84.8

2-PLM

13

15.3

1

7.1

14

14.1

Mokken

3

3.5

1

7.1

4

4.0

Unidimensionality

65

76.5

10

71.4

75

75.8

Local independence

16

18.8

1

7.1

17

17.2

Appropriateness model (fit analyses)

77

90.6

13

92.9

90

90.9

DIF

50

58.8

6

42.9

56

56.6

Person/item separation/reliability

52

61.2

10

71.4

62

62.6

Hierarchical ordering/distribution of items/persons

57

67.1

9

64.3

66

66.7

Rating scale analysis

30

35.3

7

50.0

37

37.4

Measurement precision of the scale

10

11.8

1

7.1

11

11.1

  1. PRO: patient-reported outcome (N=85), CM: clinical measure (N=14), RA: rheumatoid arthritis, OA: osteoarthritis, CAT: computerized adaptive test, IRT: item response theory, 2-PLM: 2 parameter logistic model, DIF: differential item functioning.
  2. * Note that some studies can be assigned to multiple subcategories, therefore, the sum of the percentages within a category exceeds 100%.