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Table 3 Outcome assessment timeline

From: Communication style and exercise compliance in physiotherapy (CONNECT). A cluster randomized controlled trial to test a theory-based intervention to increase chronic low back pain patients’ adherence to physiotherapists’ recommendations: study rationale, design, and methods

Variable

Pre-randomization

Baseline Pre-treatment

Baseline Post-treatment

Week1

Week4

Week12

Week24

Demographics

 

     

Primary outcome measures

       

Adherence

       

Clinic-based adherence to physiotherapist’s recommendations

  

#

#

#

#

 

General adherence to physiotherapist‘s recommendations

   

Specific adherence to back exercises and physical activity advice

   

Physical Activity

       

Self-reported physical activity

 

 

Low Back Pain Symptoms

       

Pain Intensity

 

  

Bothersomeness

 

  

Pain-related Function

       

Disability

 

  

Patient specific function

 

  

Pain-related Well Being

       

Quality of life

 

  

Secondary Outcomes

       

Autonomy support from physiotherapist

  

*

 

  

Fear avoidance beliefs regarding physical activity

 

  

Perceived competence regarding ability to follow physiotherapist’s recommendations

 

 

Autonomous and controlled motivation to following physiotherapist’s recommendations

 

 

Objectively measured physical activity

   

Perception of recovery

 

  

Moderating Variables

       

Expectation of treatment

*

 

    

Patient depression

 

     

Physiotherapist’s general causality orientations

*

      

Physiotherapist’s autonomous and controlled motivation for participation in training.

*

      
  1. Note:  = patient rated assessment. * = physiotherapist rated assessment. # = physiotherapist rating of patient behavior following each treatment session (most likely to occur during first 12 weeks following initial session).