Characteristic | Mean (SD) | % (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Age (years) | 51.9 (13.9) | Ā |
Years of education | 11.3 (4.0) | Ā |
Smoking status | Ā | Ā |
āāāFormer | Ā | 31 (30-32) |
āāāCurrent | Ā | 26 (24-27) |
Weight-related | Ā | Ā |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.2 (4.3) | Ā |
Waist circumference (cm) | 93 (13.3) | Ā |
Hip circumference (cm) | 102 (9.5) | Ā |
Serum lipids | Ā | Ā |
LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 148 (46) | Ā |
HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 52 (15) | Ā |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 232 (44) | Ā |
Metabolic factors | Ā | Ā |
Metabolic syndrome | Ā | 30 (29-32) |
Diabetes | Ā | 5.2 (4.6-5.9) |
Hypertension | Ā | 20 (18-21) |
Cardiovascular diseases | Ā | Ā |
Coronary artery disease | Ā | 7.1 (6.4-7.8) |
Heart failure | Ā | 1.7 (1.3-2.0) |
Arrhythmia | Ā | 5.1 (4.5-5.7) |
Valvular heart disease | Ā | 2.5 (2.1-3.0) |
Cerebrovascular disease | Ā | 2.7 (2.3-3.1) |
Intermittent claudication | Ā | 1.2 (0.9-1.5) |
Atherosclerosis | Ā | Ā |
Carotid intima-media thickness (mm) | 0.93 (0.23) | Ā |
Individual psychological factor | Ā | Ā |
Somatization (score 0-40) | 6.7 (5.8) | Ā |
Carpal tunnel syndrome | Ā | Ā |
āāāPossible or probable | Ā | 3.8 (3.3-4.4) |
āāāProbable | Ā | 1.0 (0.7-1.3) |
āāāOperated | Ā | 1.3 (1.0-1.6) |