Pelvic girdle pain - associations between risk factors in early pregnancy and disability or pain intensity in late pregnancy: a prospective cohort study

Table 3 Correlation between outcome variables and possible predictors measured at inclusion in early pregnancy (n = 268)

	DRI gestation week 30	Pain intensity gestation week 30
Pain intensity gestation week 30 (worst evening pain, VAS)	0.63***
Age (years)	-0.07	-0.10
Parity (0, 1, 2 or more)	0.15*	0.18**
Gestation week in early pregnancy	0.03	-0.04
Civil status (married, cohabitant; yes, no)	0.14*	0.22***
Education (≤ 12 years of school attendance, ≤ 4 years university, >4 years university)	0.19**	0.17**
Contraceptive pills, year before pregnancy (yes, no)	-0.13*	-0.04
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m²)	0.09	0.12*
Smoking (yes, no)	0.06	0.12
Physical activity before pregnancy (none, <2, 2-4, ≥ 4 hours per week)	-0.05	-0.001
Full time worker (yes, no)	0.05	0.09
Work condition (mostly seated/heavy work)	0.03	0.06
Beighton score for hypermobility	0.01	-0.06
Pain locations (no pain, symphysis pain, posterior pain, combined symphysis and posterior pain)	0.36***	0.44***
P4 test (bilateral negative, uni-/bilateral positive)	0.41***	0.39***
Sum of pain provocation tests (0-8)	0.40***	0.40***
ASLR test (<4, ≥ 4)	0.18**	0.11
HSCL-25 (<1.75, ≥ 1.75)	0.26***	0.15*
DRI in early pregnancy (0-100)	0.54***	0.34***
Pain intensity in early pregnancy (worst evening pain, VAS)	0.44***	0.46***
Pre-pregnancy LBP (yes/no)	0.09	0.10
Number of pain sites (0-4)	0.19**	0.14*
mFABQ (0-24)	0.18**	0.10

Pearson's correlation coefficient; ***p ≤ 0.001, **0.001<p ≤ 0.01 *0.01<p ≤ 0.05
VAS, Visual Analogue Scale; BMI, Body Mass Index; P4 test, Posterior Pelvic Pain Provocation test; ASLR test, Active Straight Leg Raise test; HSCL-25, Hopkins Symptom Check List; DRI, Disability Rating Index; LBP, Low Back Pain; mFABQ, modified Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire

ISSN: 1471-2474