Girls (N = 65) | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Base line | Annual changes (unadjusted) | Annual changes (adjusted) | |||||||
Walking or cycling | Car or bus | p - value | Walking or cycling | Car or bus | p - value | Walking or cycling | Car or bus | p - value | |
Numbers | N = 48 | N = 17 | N = 48 | N = 17 | N = 48 | N = 17 | |||
Age (yrs) | 7.9 (0.6) | 7.5 (0.5) | 0.06 | --- | --- | --- | |||
Weight (kg) | 27.8 (5.9) | 26.0 (5.0) | 0.28 | 3.6 (1.6) | 3.1 (1.3) | 0.28 | |||
Height (cm) | 128.5 (7.4) | 126.6 (4.5) | 0.31 | 5.7 (0.9) | 5.7 (0.6) | 0.88 | |||
Lean mass (kg) | 20.1 (2.9) | 19.3 (2.0) | 0.25 | 2.0 (0.6) | 1.7 (0.5) | 0.19 | 1.9 (0.4) | 1.8 (0.4) | 0.14 |
Fat mass (kg) | 5.6 (3.9) | 4.6 (3.3) | 0.35 | 1.5 (1.1) | 1.4 (1.1) | 0.87 | 1.5 (1.1) | 1.4 (1.1) | 0.63 |
BMC (g) | |||||||||
L2-L4 | 15.4 (3.1) | 14.5 (3.0) | 0.31 | 2.0 (0.7) | 2.0 (0.8) | 0.91 | 2.0 (0.6) | 2.0 (0.6) | 0.85 |
Third lumbar vertebra | 5.1 (1.1) | 4.8 (1.1) | 0.30 | 0.66 (0.4) | 0.74 (0.3) | 0.40 | 0.66 (0.2) | 0.72 (0.2) | 0.36 |
Femoral neck | 2.7 (0.7) | 2.5 (0.4) | 0.26 | 0.29 (0.4) | 0.32 (0.2) | 0.76 | 0.29 (0.3) | 0.30 (0.3) | 0.96 |
Ward | 1.2 (0.6) | 1.0 (0.2) | 0.18 | 0.13 (0.3) | 0.17 (0.1) | 0.67 | 0.13 (0.3) | 0.15 (0.3) | 0.89 |
Trochanter | 2.7 (1.5) | 2.4 (0.8) | 0.47 | 0.58 (0.6) | 0.56 (0.3) | 0.91 | 0.59 (0.6) | 0.54 (0.6) | 0.76 |
Bone Width (cm) | |||||||||
Third lumbar vertebra | 2.90 (0.28) | 2.82 (0.20) | 0.28 | 0.10 (0.07) | 0.13 (0.05) | 0.22 | 0.11 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.06) | 0.33 |
Femoral neck | 2.48 (0.19) | 2.36 (0.11) | 0.03 | 0.08 (0.11) | 0.06 (0.08) | 0.48 | 0.09 (0.09) | 0.03 (0.09) | 0.18 |