Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants and mean NPAD-d values by baseline characteristics (N = 448)
Baseline characteristics | N (%) | NPAD-da mean (SD) |
|---|---|---|
Total sample | 448 (100) | 48.6 (18.6) |
Socio-demographic variables | ||
Age 50 years or older | 199 (44.4) | 50.7 (19.5) |
Female | 350 (78.1) | 49.2 (17.9) |
Unemployed or retired | 165 (36.7) | 50.5 (19.0) |
Basic education (< 10 years at school) | 152 (34.6) | 52.4 (19.7) |
Living without partner | 107 (22.5) | 44.2 (16.8) |
Living with ≤ 2 persons in the same household | 250 (59.0) | 48.0 (17.9) |
Frequency of neck pain | ||
On the day of questionnaire completion | 246 (55.5) | 53.4 (17.0) |
On > 100 days in last year | 158 (40.3) | 56.7 (16.2) |
Constantly in last year | 115 (26.2) | 58.5 (16.3) |
Psychosocial characteristics | ||
Depressive mood b | 86 (19.3) | 60.6 (17.2) |
Anxiety b | 123 (27.6) | 57.3 (18.8) |
Deficits in social support c | 67 (14.9) | 56.5 (19.0) |
Medical history | ||
Had injury of the cervical spine | 81 (19.3) | 49.2 (16.2) |
Health-promoting lifestyle | ||
Exercises once or less per week | 235 (53.0) | 51.5 (18.4) |