Table 2 Characteristics of included studies
Study | Country | Study design | Mean follow-up period (month) | Mean age, y | No.of patients | Sex (M/F) | Outcome indicators | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Robot type | RA | FH | RA | FH | |||||
Cao 2017 [23] | China | RCS | 14.7 | 44.7 | 47.9 | N = 56 RA = 20 FH = 36 | 10/10 | 19/17 | Healing rate; Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
Universal Robots | |||||||||
Chen 2023 [28] | China | RCS | 31.4 | 43.6 ± 13.7 | 45.7 ± 12.7 | N = 68 RA = 32 FH = 36 | 18/14 | 17/19 | Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot | |||||||||
Duan 2019 [26] | China | RCS | 13.6 | 61.7 ± 5.2 | 62.1 ± 4.1 | N = 49 RA = 26 FH = 23 | 11/15 | 9/14 | Healing rate; Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot | |||||||||
Huang 2017 [18] | China | RCS | 19.6 | 59.4 ± 5.6 | 59.1 ± 4.9 | N = 64 RA = 32 FH = 32 | 10/22 | 12/20 | Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
Bi⁃planar robot | |||||||||
Huang 2023 [29] | China | RCS | 22.2 | 48.2 ± 11.9 | 48.5 ± 9.8 | N = 53 RA = 25 FH = 28 | 11/14 | 12/16 | Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot Advance | |||||||||
Jing 2022 [22] | China | RCS | 7.0 | 55.2 | 55 | N = 74 RA = 31 FH = 43 | 11/20 | 14/29 | Healing rate; Length of healing time; Harris score; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot | |||||||||
Lei 2021 [25] | China | RCS | 6.0 | 51.86 ± 4.89 | 51.33 ± 4.3 | N = 42 RA = 21 FH = 21 | 12/9 | 14/7 | Healing rate; Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot | |||||||||
Liao 2022 [30] | China | RCS | 8.0 | 44.1 ± 8.7 | 48.8 ± 8.0 | N = 28 RA = 14 FH = 14 | 6/8 | 7/7 | Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy |
TiRobot II | |||||||||
Liu 2015 [24] | China | RCS | 12.5 | 65.2 ± 4.2 | 60.5 ± 5.1 | N = 46 RA = 21 FH = 25 | 8/13 | 11/14 | Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
GD-2000 | |||||||||
Nie 2023 [17] | China | RCS | 14.9 | 56.00 ± 4.22 | 54.87 ± 4.81 | N = 41 RA = 18 FH = 23 | 8/10 | 10/13 | Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot | |||||||||
Tong 2016 [21] | China | RCS | 18.0 | 47.5 | 51.5 | N = 38 RA = 20 FH = 18 | 12/8 | 11/7 | Healing rate; Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot | |||||||||
Wang 2019 [6] | China | RCS | 12.0 | 49.03 ± 8.23 | 49.80 ± 7.68 | N = 128 RA = 63 FH = 65 | 30/33 | 31/34 | Healing rate; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Frequency of guide pin insertion; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot | |||||||||
Yi 2022 [31] | China | RCT | 18.0 | 58.5 ± 6.3 | 57.5 ± 5.3 | N = 68 RA = 32 FH = 36 | 19/13 | 16/20 | Length of healing time; Harris score; Operation time |
TINAVI | |||||||||
Zhu 2021 [27] | China | RCS | 38.8 | 47.9 ± 13.5 | 47.7 ± 12.6 | N = 153 RA = 50 FH = 83 | 26/24 | 47/36 | Healing rate; Harris score; Operation time; Frequency of X-ray fluoroscopy; Intraoperative blood loss |
TiRobot | |||||||||