Skip to main content

Table 4 Association between baseline characteristics and pain phenotype membership transition from baseline to 24-month follow-up

From: Phenotypes of osteoarthritis-related knee pain and their transition over time: data from the osteoarthritis initiative

Baseline characteristics

Pain phenotype membership transition

Female

No Pain OR (95% CI)

Mild P-A OR (95% CI)

Mild P-R-A OR (95% CI)

Mod P-R-A OR (95% CI)

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.06 (1.01, 1.12)

1.05 (0.99, 1.14)

1.49 (1.18, 1.63)

 Mild P-A

0.98 (0.95, 1.01)

1.00 (reference)

1.02 (0.99, 1.05)

1.07 (0.99, 1.26)

 Mild P-R-A

0.96 (0.93, 0.99)

1.00 (0.98, 1.02)

1.00 (reference)

1.03 (0.99, 1.05)

 Mod P-R-A

0.97 (0.95, 1.01)

0.98 (0.96, 1.00)

0.98 (0.97, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

Age

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

0.99 (0.99, 1.00)

0.99 (0.98, 1.00)

 Mild P-A

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (0.99, 1.00)

1.00 (0.99, 1.00)

 Mild P-R-A

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

 Mod P-R-A

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

CES-D score

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.01 (1.00, 1.01)

1.02 (1.01, 1.02)

1.03 (1.01, 1.03)

 Mild P-A

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

1.01 (1.00, 1.01)

1.01 (1.00, 1.01)

 Mild P-R-A

1.00 (0.99, 1.00)

0.99 (0.99, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (1.00, 1.01)

 Mod P-R-A

0.99 (0.99, 1.00)

1.00 (0.99, 1.00)

1.00 (1.00, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

25 kg/m2 BMI < 30 kg/m2

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (0.95, 1.07)

1.35 (1.21, 1.46)

1.58 (1.30, 1.78)

 Mild P-A

1.02 (0.97, 1.07)

1.00 (reference)

1.06 (1.00, 1.09)

1.16 (0.99, 1.34)

 Mild P-R-A

1.01 (0.97, 1.05)

0.96 (0.94, 0.98)

1.00 (reference)

1.04 (0.99, 1.07)

 Mod P-R-A

1.02 (1.00, 1.07)

1.00 (0.97, 1.02)

1.00 (0.98, 1.03)

1.00 (reference)

BMI 30 kg/m2

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.08 (1.01, 1.15)

1.33 (1.17, 1.47)

1.50 (1.12, 1.79)

 Mild P-A

0.99 (0.95, 1.04)

1.00 (reference)

1.11 (1.05, 1.14)

1.09 (0.96, 1.21)

 Mild P-R-A

0.93 (0.90, 0.97)

0.95 (0.93, 0.99)

1.00 (reference)

0.98 (0.95, 1.01)

 Mod P-R-A

1.00 (0.98, 1.03)

1.00 (0.97, 1.03)

0.99 (0.98, 1.02)

1.00 (reference)

College education or above

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.02 (0.97, 1.09)

1.02 (0.92, 1.13)

1.08 (0.75, 1.49)

 Mild P-A

0.97 (0.94, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

0.99 (0.95, 1.05)

1.01 (0.87, 1.16)

 Mild P-R-A

0.96 (0.92, 1.01)

0.99 (0.97, 1.04)

1.00 (reference)

0.99 (0.89, 1.07)

 Mod P-R-A

1.01 (0.94, 1.07)

1.01 (0.97, 1.03)

1.04 (0.99, 1.06)

1.00 (reference)

Non-whites

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

0.96 (0.91, 1.01)

1.14 (0.99, 1.23)

1.68 (1.40, 2.18)

 Mild P-A

1.06 (0.98, 1.11)

1.00 (reference)

1.02 (0.95, 1.09)

1.29 (1.09, 1.50)

 Mild P-R-A

1.08 (1.02, 1.12)

1.04 (1.00, 1.09)

1.00 (reference)

1.10 (1.02, 1.16)

 Mod P-R-A

0.96 (0.93, 0.99)

0.97 (0.93, 1.01)

0.98 (0.95, 1.02)

1.00 (reference)

Injury

    

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.08 (1.01, 1.07)

1.14 (0.96, 1.24)

0.97 (0.78, 1.05)

 Mild P-A

1.00 (0.97, 1.03)

1.00 (reference)

1.04 (0.97, 1.08)

0.96 (0.87, 1.16)

 Mild P-R-A

0.98 (0.93, 1.01)

0.99 (0.96, 1.02)

1.00 (reference)

1.00 (0.96, 1.05)

 Mod P-R-A

0.99 (0.96, 1.02)

0.96 (0.93, 0.99)

0.97 (0.96, 0.99)

1.00 (reference)

KL grade = 1

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.12 (1.02, 1.20)

1.27 (1.06, 1.40)

1.52 (1.06, 2.16)

 Mild P-A

0.92 (0.90, 0.98)

1.00 (reference)

0.98 (0.91, 1.02)

1.24 (1.04, 1.45)

 Mild P-R-A

1.01 (0.98, 1.04)

1.00 (0.98, 1.04)

1.00 (reference)

0.95 (0.88, 0.98)

 Mod P-R-A

0.96 (0.92, 0.99)

0.99 (0.97, 1.01)

0.98 (0.97, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

KL grade = 2

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.24 (1.14, 1.33)

1.34 (1.19, 1.47)

1.38 (1.03, 1.60)

 Mild P-A

0.87 (0.85, 0.91)

1.00 (reference)

1.02 (0.97, 1.08)

1.18 (1.05, 1.25)

 Mild P-R-A

0.92 (0.90, 0.99)

0.94 (0.93, 1.00)

1.00 (reference)

1.04 (0.98, 1.08)

 Mod P-R-A

0.98 (0.94, 1.02)

1.01 (0.98, 1.02)

1.01 (0.98, 1.04)

1.00 (reference)

KL grade = 3

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.41 (1.28, 1.56)

1.62 (1.43, 1.81)

1.82 (1.29, 2.22)

 Mild P-A

0.84 (0.82, 0.90)

1.00 (reference)

1.20 (1.13, 1.30)

1.50 (1.20, 1.73)

 Mild P-R-A

0.88 (0.85, 0.92)

0.90 (0.89, 0.94)

1.00 (reference)

1.03 (0.98, 1.09)

 Mod P-R-A

0.89 (0.85, 0.92)

0.93 (0.88, 0.95)

0.98 (0.93, 1.02)

1.00 (reference)

KL grade = 4

 No Pain

1.00 (reference)

1.35 (1.21, 1.49)

1.19 (1.07, 1.37)

1.45 (1.09, 1.76)

 Mild P-A

0.81 (0.75, 0.89)

1.00 (reference)

1.06 (0.91, 1.17)

1.06 (0.83, 1.28)

 Mild P-R-A

0.75 (0.70, 0.83)

0.86 (0.80, 0.93)

1.00 (reference)

0.90 (0.84, 1.04)

 Mod P-R-A

0.90 (0.80, 0.96)

1.02 (0.93, 1.17)

0.94 (0.83, 1.01)

1.00 (reference)

  1. Mild P-A mild pain during activity, Mild P-R-A mild pain during both rest and activity, Mod P-R-A moderate pain during both rest and activity, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, CES-D Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression, BMI body mass index, KL Kellgren and Lawrence
  2. Baseline characteristics listed above were used as covariates in the multivariable regression