Table 1 Lipid profile, bone parameters and some biological variables of the patients

Total Cholesterol (µmol/L)

4.34(3.81,5.06)

4.82(4.17,5.43)

Z=-4.58, P<0.001

LDL-C (µmol/L)

2.62(2.15,3.22)

2.78(2.23,3.45)

Z=-1.95, NS

HDL-C (µmol/L)

1.06(0.90,1.30)

1.17(1.00,1.40)

Z=-1.95, P = 0.001

Triglycerides (µmol/L)

1.15(0.90,1.51)

1.30(0.94,1.76)

Z=-2.56, P = 0.01

Castelli index 1

4.04(3.21,4.81)

4.02(3.36,4.90)

Z=-0.479, NS

Castelli index 2

2.41(1.79,3.14)

2.36(1.83,3.07)

Z=-0.673, NS

s-CTX (µmol/L)

0.75(0.52,0.99)

0.83(0.52,1.26)

Z=-2.05, P = 0.04

s-PINP (µmol/L)

49.05(36.02,69.24)

60.09(39.57,81.64)

Z=-3.14, P = 0.002

1,25(OH)₂D₃ (µmol/L)

18.45(13.78,23.38)

17.80(13.40,23.68)

Z=-0.721, NS

Left femoral neck BMD (g/cm²)

0.86 ± 0.15

0.73 ± 0.13

t = 10.53, P<0.001

Right femoral neck BMD (g/cm²)

0.85 ± 0.14

0.73 ± 0.13

t = 10.39, P<0.001

Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm²)

0.92 ± 0.19

0.73 ± 0.15

t = 11.06, P<0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

23.45 ± 3.20

23.60 ± 3.53

t=-0.474, NS

Age (years)

68.10 ± 9.69

68.51 ± 8.92

t=-0.492, NS

Duration of hospitalization (days)

10.50 ± 2.98

10.45 ± 2.87

t = 0.173, NS

Diabetes history (yes/no)

57/97

193/355

χ2 = 0.169, NS

Smoking history(yes/no)

70/84

90/458

χ2 = 57.58, P<0.001