From: Impact of exercise programs among helicopter pilots with transient LBP
 | All included pilots n = 39 | Pilots with ≥19 training sessions, per protocol n = 20 | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PRE | POST | Â | Â | PRE | POST | Â | Â | |
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean diff (95% CI) | p-value | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean diff (95% CI) | p-value | |
VAS (0–10) | 3.5 (2.0) | 2.3 (1.6) | ÷1.2 (÷2.0 to ÷0.4) | .005 | 3.5 (2.2) | 2.3 (1.5) | ÷1.3 (÷2.6 to 0.1) | .069 |
ODI % | 10.5 (6.2) | 7.1 (6.0) | ÷3.3 (÷5.0 to ÷1.6) | .000 | 10.1 (5.6) | 7.7 (5.2) | ÷2.4 (÷4.2 ÷0.6) | .010 |
EQ-5D (0–100) | 82.3 (13.1) | 89.6 (12.4) | 7.4 (2.9 to 11.9) | .002 | 77.7 (13.1) | 90.2 (12.8) | 12.5 (5.9 to 19.1) | .001 |
Muscular endurance in seconds | ||||||||
 Extension | 54 (28) | 56 (29) | 2.7 (÷8.4 to 13.9) | .622 | 57 (28) | 63 (36) | 6.3 (÷13.8 to 26.4) | .523 |
 Flexion | 65 (37) | 111 (54) | 45.8 (29.0 to 62.6) | .000 | 62 (40) | 109 (56) | 47.4 (18.6 to 76.2) | .003 |
 RSB2 | 34 (16) | 52 (20) | 17.9 (12.1 to 23.7) | .000 | 35 (18) | 52 (20) | 17.7 (9.7 to 25.6) | .000 |
 LSB3 | 40 (20) | 63 (29) | 23.2 (15.7 to 30.7) | .000 | 45 (22) | 73 (33) | 28.3 (18.0 to 38.6) | .000 |
 Total holding time | 193 (70) | 283 (98) | 89.6 (59.5 to 119.8) | .000 | 198 (75) | 298 (111) | 99.6 (46.8 to 152.5) | .001 |
Ultrasound in percent4 | ||||||||
 Level L4-L5 | 9.0 (6.1) | 11.6 (5.9) | 2.6 (1.1 to 4.1) | .002 | 8.0 (4.5) | 10.4 (5.2) | 2.4 (1.1 to 3.6) | .001 |
 Level L5-S1 | 6.1 (4.6) | 7.7 (4.8) | 1.5 (0.4 to 2.7) | .011 | 4.7 (3.7) | 6.5 (4.3) | 1.8 (0.5 to 3.1) | .010 |
 Right side L4–5 & L5-S1 | 6.8 (5.6) | 9.4 (5.0) | 2.7 (1.2 to 4.2) | .001 | 5.5 (4.3) | 8.7 (5.0) | 3.2 (2.1 to 4.2) | .000 |
 Left side L4–5 & L5-S1 | 8.4 (5.7) | 9.8 (6.3) | 1.4 (0.0 to 2.8) | .044 | 7.2 (4.4) | 8.1 (4.7) | 1.0 (÷0.7 to 2.6) | .231 |
 Both levels and sides | 7.6 (5.1) | 9.6 (5.2) | 2.1 (0.8 to 3.3) | .002 | 6.3 (3.9) | 8.4 (4.9) | 2.1 (1.1 to 3.1) | .000 |