Table 5 Descriptive differences between patient subgroups which are regarded as quite similar clinically
Single-stage LCA | Two-stage LCA |
|---|---|
Recent severe LBP, activity limitations (SS 1, dark blue) | Recent severe LBP, activity limitations, sleep issues (TS 4) • More with sleep issues, moderate degree of depression • More with leg pain • More cannot work • More females |
Severely affected: very recent onset severe LBP, social participation and activity limitations (SS 3, green) • More believe they cannot work | Severely affected: very recent onset severe LBP, social participation and activity limitations (TS 1) • More with a higher degree of depression, feel socially isolated • More with a higher degree of leg pain severity (tendency) |
Pain- and work-related concerns, high physical work-load (SS 5, turquoise) • More with a higher degree of leg pain severity • More with a longer duration of LBP | Work-related severe LBP (TS 3) • More with a higher degree of depression • More with a higher degree of disability |
Severely affected: recent LBP with several consequences (SS 6) • More with a higher degree of pain-related concerns • More with a higher degree of disability • More with social participation limitations • More with leg pain on AROM | Severely affected: LBP with several consequences (TS 5) |
LBP with nerve root involvement (SS 7, light blue) | LBP with nerve root involvement (TS 9) • More with a higher degree of depression • More with a higher degree of disability • More with a higher degree of work participation limitations • More with affected neurology • More males • More with comorbidity |
Mildly affected: mild intermittent LBP (SS 2, red) • More with any duration of LBP • More with low degree of disability • More with comorbidity | Mildly affected: mild intermittent LBP, moderate activity limitations, no participation limitations (low degree of physical workload) (TS 2) • More with LBP duration of 0–4 weeks • More with only LBP • More males |
Mildly affected: mild intermittent LBP (SS 2, red) • More with dressing problems | Mildly affected: mild intermittent LBP, sleeps well, moderate activity limitations and SI joint pain, more females (TS 6) • More with pain-related concern • More with SI joint pain, with trigger points and painful muscles • More with comorbidity |
Mildly affected: mild intermittent LBP (SS 2, red) • More with a higher degree of leg pain severity • More with reducible disc (diagnosis) • More with SI joint pain | Mildly affected: mild intermittent LBP with work-issues, no activity limitations, males (TS 7) • More with a higher degree of depression and pain-related concerns • More with decreased sexual activity • More with higher degree of work participation limitations • More males |