Cohort I (risk cohort), individuals with no neck pain at baseline (n = 4 681) | Cohort II (prognostic cohort), individuals with occasional neck pain at baseline (n = 6 820) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Cases n (%) | Non cases n (%) | Cases n (%) | Non cases n (%) | |
N | 177 | 4 504 | 766 | 6 054 |
Male sex | 93 (53) | 2 701 (60) | 299 (39) | 2 584 (43) |
Age, mean (SD) | 42.82 (9.90) | 43.80 (10.95) | 42.26 (9.89) | 41.85 (10.87) |
Individual disposable income (SEKa) | ||||
0–115 299 | 48 (27) | 745 (17) | 214 (28) | 1 253 (21) |
115 30–154 399 | 44 (25) | 988 (22) | 172 (23) | 1 417 (24) |
154 200 – 207 499 | 43 (25) | 1 227 (27) | 199 (26) | 1 658 (28) |
≥ 207 500 | 40 (23) | 1 519 (34) | 172 (23) | 1 686 (28) |
Swedish born | ||||
No | 42 (24) | 472 (11) | 199 (26) | 823 (14) |
Yes | 135 (76) | 4 023 (89) | 565 (74) | 5 211 (86) |
Smoking (%) | ||||
Never | 92 (54) | 2 146 (50) | 328 (45) | 2 709 (47) |
Ever | 28 (16) | 916 (21) | 152 (21) | 1 174 (21) |
Current | 50 (29) | 1 212 (28) | 247 (34) | 1 839 (32) |
SEI b | ||||
Unskilled manual workers | 29 (17) | 598 (14) | 141 (19) | 915 (15) |
Skilled manual workers | 17 (10) | 318 (7) | 94 (13) | 584 (10) |
Lower non-manual workers | 19 (11) | 532 (12) | 101 (14) | 843 (14) |
Intermediate non-manual workers | 47 (27) | 1 196 (27) | 193 (26) | 1 690 (28) |
Higher non-manual workers | 38 (22) | 1 298 (29) | 138 (19) | 1 419 (24) |
Self-employed | 22 (13) | 489 (11) | 79 (11) | 515 (9) |
Psychological distress (12-item General Health Questionnaire) | ||||
No | 135 (79) | 3 854 (87) | 538 (71) | 4 671 (78) |
Yes | 35 (21) | 569 (13) | 221 (29) | 1 345 (22) |
Alcohol consumption (Expressed in grams of 100 % alcohol per day) | ||||
No | 24 (14) | 368 (8) | 91 (12) | 526 (9) |
Low | 128 (75) | 3 519 (79) | 549 (74) | 4 578 (77) |
Moderate | 13 (8) | 435 (10) | 87 (12) | 697 (12) |
High | 5 (3) | 113 (3) | 15 (2) | 130 (2) |
Concurrent low back pain | ||||
No, never | 91 (51) | 2 677 (60) | 164 (22) | 1 564 (26) |
Yes, a couple of days the past 12 months | 44 (25) | 1 191 (27) | 311 (41) | 2 732 (45) |
Yes, a couple of days per month | 22 (12) | 360 (8) | 211 (28) | 1 324 (22) |
Yes, a couple of days per week | 6 (3) | 151 (3) | 43 (6) | 274 (5) |
Yes, daily | 14 (8) | 114 (3) | 33 (4) | 151 (3) |
Do you have the freedom to decide how your work will be performed? | ||||
Never | 9 (5) | 146 (3) | 50 (7) | 268 (4) |
Mostly not | 25 (14) | 569 (13) | 139 (18) | 1 105 (18) |
Yes, most of the time | 108 (62) | 2 749 (62) | 435 (58) | 3 727 (62) |
Always | 32 (18) | 997 (22) | 126 (17) | 903 (15) |
Do you have the freedom to decide what to perform at your work? | ||||
Never | 18 (10) | 302 (7) | 87 (12) | 541 (9) |
Mostly not | 55 (32) | 1 253 (28) | 241 (32) | 2 022 (34) |
Yes, most of the time | 77 (44) | 2 360 (53) | 341 (45) | 2 954 (49) |
Always | 24 (14) | 546 (12) | 84 (11) | 482 (8) |
Do you have a stressful job? | ||||
Somewhat, about 10 % of the time | 63 (36) | 1 854 (42) | 279 (37) | 2 068 (35) |
Yes, about 1/4 of the time | 29 (17) | 774 (18) | 117 (16) | 1 134 (19) |
Yes, half the time | 27 (16) | 656 (15) | 134 (18) | 1 018 (17) |
Yes, about 3/4 of the time | 31 (18) | 579 (13) | 126 (17) | 973 (16) |
Yes, almost the whole time | 24 (14) | 544 (12) | 92 (12) | 768 (13) |
Do you work with your arms above shoulder level more than 30 min/day? | ||||
Almost never or never | 128 (78) | 3727 (85) | 530 (71) | 4673 (78) |
Yes, 1–3 days per month | 5 (3) | 166 (4) | 40 (5) | 290 (5) |
Yes, 1 day per week | 2 (1) | 102 (2) | 25 (3) | 178 (3) |
Yes, 2–4 days per week | 6 (4) | 119 (3) | 48 (6) | 256 (4) |
Yes, every day | 23 (14) | 280 (6) | 99 (13) | 562 (9) |
Do you work with your arms below knee level more than 30 min/day? | ||||
Almost never or never | 136 (82) | 3784 (86) | 566 (76) | 4831 (81) |
Yes, 1–3 days per month | 6 (4) | 154 (4) | 36 (5) | 274 (5) |
Yes, 1 day per week | 4 (2) | 77 (2) | 32 (4) | 141 (2) |
Yes, 2–4 days per week | 7 (4) | 118 (3) | 37 (5) | 229 (4) |
Yes, every day | 12 (7) | 260 (6) | 71 (10) | 487 (8) |
How big part of the day do you work in front of the computer? | ||||
Not at all | 33 (20) | 751 (17) | 186 (25) | 1205 (20) |
Maximum 1/10 | 33 (20) | 825 (19) | 123 (17) | 1053 (18) |
About 1/4 | 28 (17) | 718 (16) | 91 (12) | 813 (14) |
About 1/2 | 29 (18) | 659 (15) | 93 (13) | 842 (14) |
About 3/4 | 11 (7) | 635 (14) | 96 (13) | 828 (14) |
Almost the whole day | 28 (17) | 795 (18) | 154 (21) | 1217 (20) |