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Table 4 Antibodies in pre-RA cases stratified by smoking (never/former/current). Cut-offs are based on the 98th percentile of controls with the exception of anti-CCP2 antibodies where the manufacturer’s cut-off was applied, and RF where a titre of 1:40 was considered positive. Ever RF refers to subjects who are known to be RF positive through testing of pre-RA serum or through their post-diagnosis medical records. RF; rheumatoid factor. CEP1, cFib and cVim; citrullinated peptides from α-enolase, fibrinogen and vimentin respectively. REP1, Fib and Vim are the arginine-containing control peptides. CPP3 and CPP5 are immunodominant peptides from PPAD, and RPP3 and RPP5 are the arginine-containing control peptides. RgpB; arginine gingipain

From: Smoking, Porphyromonas gingivalis and the immune response to citrullinated autoantigens before the clinical onset of rheumatoid arthritis in a Southern European nested case–control study

   

pre-RA

 
 

Antibodies

Never smokers

Former smokers

Current smokers

  

n = 36

n = 28

n = 37

RF

n (%)

7 (19)

9 (32)

7 (19)

‘Ever’RF

n (%)

20 (56)

15 (54)

26 (70)

CCP2

(u/ml), median (IQR)

1.17 (0–59)

1.74 (0–300)

1.26 (0–300)

n (%)

7 (19)

11 (39)*

7 (19)

CEP1

(u/ml), median IQR

4.51 (2.22–69)

15.5 (4.20–355)

3.70 (2.99–152)

n (%)

4 (11)

9 (32)*

2 (5)

REP1

(OD), median (IQR)

0.13 (0.07–0.55)

0.094 (0.05–0.36)

0.076 (0.052–0.27)

n (%)

2 (6)

0 (0)

0 (0)

cFib

(u/ml), median IQR

2.53 (1.11–77.24)

3.93 (1.30-320)

1.61 (0.94–217)

n (%)

5 (14)

11 (39)

3 (8)

Fib

(OD), median IQR

0.08 (0.06-0.27)

0.09 (0.06–0.26)

0.08 (0.05–0.25)

n (%)

1 (3)

0 (0)

1 (3)

cVim

(u/ml), median IQR

14.26 (8.71–114)

29.2 (5.71–401)

16.3 (8.7–240)

n (%)

1 (4)

2 (8)

2 (8)

Vim

(u/ml), median IQR

8.25 (4.70–26)

8.20 (5.83–24.3)

7.4 (4.6–44.5)

n (%)

1 (3)

0 (0)

3 (9)

CPP3

(OD), median IQR

0.08 (0.05–0.76)

0.14 (0.08–0.79)

0.10 (0.06–0.33)

n (%)

1 (3)

1 (4)

0 (0)

RPP3

(OD), median IQR

0.09 (0.06–0.80)

0.13 (0.09–0.94)

0.13 (0.06–0.36)

n (%)

3 (8)

2 (7)

0 (0)

CPP5

(u/ml), median IQR

26.8 (14.62–71.48)

52.15 (25.66–122)

39.3 (28.3–60.19)

n (%)

1 (3)

1 (4)

3 (8)

RPP5

(OD), median IQR

27.6 (16.17–35.15)

42.52 (26.8–69.6)

40 (20.99–51.96)

n (%)

0 (0)

0 (0)

2 (5)

RgpB

(u/ml), median (IQR)

1191 (599–1444)

1555 (966–2560)

948 (553–1976)

n (%)

1 (3)

2 (7)

0 (0)

categories, n (%)

1 (<1280)

18 (50)

10 (36)

21 (57)

2 (≥1280)

11 (31)

10 (36)

8 (22)

3 (≥2560)

6 (17)

6 (21)

8 (22)

4 (≥5120)

1 (3)

2 (7)

0 (0)

Duration of smoking (years), median (IQR)

-

21 (14–29)

26 (21–34)**

Number of cigarettes/day, median (IQR)

-

9 (6–18)

13 (8–17)

Time since quitting (years), median (IQR)

-

10 (3–16)

-

  1. *p<0.05; **P<0.01
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