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Table 2 Odds ratios and confidence intervals of lower limb pain by age, sex, psychosomatic symptoms, physical fitness, frequency of exercise and hypermobility using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. All figures were adjusted for occurrence of other musculoskeletal pain symptoms.

From: Risk factors for traumatic and non-traumatic lower limb pain among preadolescents: a population-based study of Finnish schoolchildren

Variables

Univariate analysis (OR [95% CI])

Multivariate analysis© (OR [95% CI])

Sex

  

   Boys

Reference

 

   Girls

0.83 (0.65–1.07)

 

Age (years)

  

   9–10

Reference

Reference

   11–13

0.74 (0.57–0.95)

0.66 (0.38 – 0.82)

°Psychosomatic symptoms

  

   Headache

1.93 (1.48–2.54)

1.61 (1.09–2.22)

   Abdominal pain

2.34 (1.72–3.05)

1.57(1.03–2.12)

   Depressive feelings

2.29 (1.72–3.05)

1.63 (1.09–2.32)

   Difficulty falling asleep

1.73 (1.31–2.27)

 

   Day tiredness

2.79 (1.37–2.49)

2.54 (1.74–3.01)

   Waking up during nights

1.84 (1.37–2.49)

 

   * Regional knee hypermobility

0.86 (0.64–1.16)

 

Frequency of exercise

  

   0–2

Reference

 

   3–4

1.27 (0.95–1.70)

1.25(0.77–1.64)

   5–7

1.87 (1.31–2.67)

1.85(1.20–2.87)

Beighton score for hypermobility

  

   < 6

Reference

 

   6–9

2.10 (0.86–5.05)

 

aVo2 max

  

   Average

Reference

 

   Low

0.79 (0.56–1.12)

 

   High

1.29 (0.93–1.77)

 
  1. ° Reported in a frequency of at least once a week.
  2. © Using backward stepwise procedure. Only entered variables shown. Results based on data from 1199 schoolchildren who completed the pain questionnaire and tested for both hypermobility and physical fitness.
  3. * Not entered in the multivariate model.
  4. a Measured in ml/kg/min, categorized into 3 groups (below the 25th percentile (low), between the 25th and the 75th percentiles (average), and above the 75th percentile (high)
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BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

ISSN: 1471-2474

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