Shoulder diagnoses in secondary care, a one year cohort

Table 2 The reported reliability of the clinical tests used in the diagnostic procedure

Test	Inter rater reliability. ICC or Kohens kappa (K). (95% CI) or mean.	Reference
Passive glenohumeral range of motion
- External rotation	0.88-0.90, 0.87-0.93	[19, 20]
- Abduction	0.84-0.87, 0.85-0.98	[19, 21]
Isometric muscle tests
- Abduction (empty can)	0.30-0.94 (K)	[22]
- External rotation	0.37-0.90 (K)	[23]
- Belly press	0.61 (K)	[24]
Special tests
Hawkins impingement test	0.18-0.91 (K), 0.38 (K)	[22, 24]
AC joint palpation	na, high specificity (0.73)	[17, 24]
Apprehension test	0.31-0.47	[22]
Relocation test	0.31-0.71	[22]
O´Brien test	0.24-0.38 (K)	[24]
Sulcus sign	0.60	[22]

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