From: Detecting insomnia in patients with low back pain: accuracy of four self-report sleep measures
 |  | Mean (SD) |
---|---|---|
Age | (Year) | 43.91 (15.4) |
Pain intensity* | (0–10) | 4.11 (1.9) |
Physical disability** | (0–24) | 8.78 (5.3) |
Depression*** | (0–42) | 8.75 (9.9) |
Anxiety≠| (0–42) | 6.55 (8.4) |
Stress± | (0–42) | 13.08 (9.8) |
Fatigue†| (1–63) | 32.49 (12.3) |
Pittsburgh questionnaire# | (0 – 21) | 7.92 (3.8) |
Insomnia index$ | (0 – 28) | 11.25 (6.4) |
Epworth scale¥ | (0 – 24) | 7.26 (5.2) |
Body mass index | (Kg/m2) | 25.73 (4.9) |
 |  | N (%) |
Pain duration | Acute | 32 (41%) |
 | Chronic | 47 (59%) |
Roland item£ | (Yes) | 46 (58%) |
Seeking care | (Yes) | 58 (73%) |
Taking pain medication | (Yes) | 35 (44%) |
Gender | (Female) | 40 (51%) |
Level of education | (University degree) | 35 (44%) |
Smoking status | (Not) | 74 (94%) |
Work status | Full-time | 48 (61%) |
 | Part-time | 14 (18%) |
 | Not working | 4 (5%) |
 | Retired | 13 (16%) |
Marital status | Married or defacto | 39 (49%) |
 | Separated | 8 (10%) |
 | Single | 32 (41%) |