Figure 5From: Acute respiratory failure due to hemothorax after posterior correction surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a case report Vascular anatomy at the pleurae. Left Intercostal Arteries (ICAs), which branch directly from the aorta, supply the posterior part of the pleurae along each rib. Pedicle probing may have injured the left ICAs, which run near the vertebrae.Back to article page