From: Systematic review with meta-analysis: cytokines in fibromyalgia syndrome
Author, yr. Diagnosis criteria | N patients/controls | a) Material b) Methods c) Investigated targets | Results | Modified CEBM level | NOS | W-MeQS |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maes, 1999 ACR | 21/33 | a) serum B) ELISA c) IL-6, sIL-6 R, sIL-1R, IL-1 RA | In FMS compared to controls: IL-6↔ sIL-6 R ⇑ sIL-1R ⇑ IL-1 RA ⇑ | 3d | 2 | 0.3 |
Pay. 2000 ACR | 25 FMS/25 chronic musculoskeletal complaints/25 controls | a) serum b) ELISA c) IL-1b, TNF, IL-6 | No difference for pro-inflammatory cytokines in FMS and controls. | 3d | 3 | 0.4 |
Wallace, 2001 ACR | 56/56 | a) serum, PBMC, plasma b) ELISA c) IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, sIL-2 R, IL-1 RA, IFNγ, TNF | In FMS compared to controls: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, sIL-2 R, IFNγ, TNF: ↔ in sera +PBMC IL-1 RA: ⇑ in serum IL-8: ⇑ in plasma IL-1 RA, IL-6: ⇑ in PBMC IL-6: ⇑ in PBMC of patients with disease duration > 2 years. | 3d | 3 | 0.5 |
Gür, 2002 ACR | 81/32 | a) serum b) ELISA c) IL-1, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8 | In FMS compared to controls: IL-1 ↔ IL-2 R ⇑ IL-6 ↔ IL-8 ⇑ | 3d | 2 | 0.4 |
Schwarz, 2002 ACR | 17/17 | a) serum b) ELISA c) IL-6 | IL-6 ⇑ during tryptophan depletion in FMS | 3d | 4 | 0.3 |
Ardic, 2006 ACR | 21/10 (data not given) | a) serum b) ELISA c) IL-1 (after balneo therapy) | After balneo therapy: IL-1↓ in FMS | 3d | 3 | 0.2 |
Üçeyler, 2006 ACR | 26/40 | a) serum; whole blood b) qRT-PCR; ELISA c) IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, TNF, TGF β1 | In FMS compared to controls: IL-2 ↔ IL-4 ⇓ IL-8 ↔ IL-10 ⇓ TGF β1 ↔ TNF ↔ | 3d | 4 | 0.8 |
Bazzichi, 2007 ACR | 285/40 (16 rheumatoid arthritis cases, two Sjögren's syndrome cases, 16 systemic lupus erythematosus cases, four systemic sclerosis cases, two undifferentiated connective- tissue disease cases)/100 | a) serum, plasma b) ELISA c) IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF | No intergroup difference for cytokines. | 3d | 3 | 0.2 |
Wang, 2008 ACR | 20/80 | a) serum b) Bio-Plex cytokine assay c) IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-4, TNF | At baseline: IL-8 in FMS > controls; no difference for other cytokines. | 3d | 4 | 0.4 |
Hernandez, 2010 ACR | 64/25 | a) serum b) ELISA c) TNF, IL-1, IL-6 | TNF: FMS < controls IL-1: not detectable in FMS IL-6: FMS > controls | 3c | 4 | 0.6 |
Iannucelli, 2010 ACR | 51/25 tension type headache/15 | a) serum b) multiplex bead-based sandwich immunoassay c) IL-1b, IL-1Ra, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, INFγ, TNF | FMS > controls: IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-10, TNF | 3d | 3 | 0.7 |
Ross, 2010 ACR | 24/none | a) serum b) bead-based immunofluorescence assay c) IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-1RA, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF | IL-6 and IL-8: FMS responders (i.e. GH response to exercise of ≥ 5 ng/mL) higher than FMS non-responders. For IL-1a vice versa. | 4 | 1 | 0.2 |