Fig. 2
From: The effects of psychological distress after surgery in patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion
LBP, LP, ODI, and JOA scores were significantly different among patients without psychological distress pre-operatively, and at 3, 6, and 12 months (P < 0.001), as were MSPQ scores (P < 0.01), and Zung scores (P < 0.05). Similarly, there was no significant difference between the groups at different time points after lumbar surgery. (*means P < 0.05, **means P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001)