Study | Study design | Patients | Population | Exclusion criteria | Joint | Inflammatory parameter | Preoperative measure | Postoperative measure | Antibiotic prophylaxis | Follow-up |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carlsson et al. 1978 [18] | ND− | 93 | ND osteoarthritis | Patients with rheumatoid arthritis, pelvic spondylitis or with any other known cause of an elevated ESR | Hip | ESR | Yes (ND) | Yes (ND) | ND | 49 months |
Falzarano et al. 2017 [19] | Retrospective cohort study | 1.248 | ND osteoarthritis | Voluntary withdrawal from the scheduled follow-up program | Hip | CRP, ESR, PCT | Yes (1Â h) | Yes (15Â days, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 36Â months) | Yes | 36Â months |
Forster et al. 1982 [20] | Retrospective comparative study | 89 | ND osteoarthritis | Patients with other forms of inflammatory arthritis | Knee | ESR | Yes (ND) | Yes, 48Â h, 6Â weeks, 3Â months, 6Â months, 1Â year and yearly there after | ND | 24Â months |
Mulier et al. 1973 [21] | Prospective cross-sectional | 162 | ND | ND | Hip | ESR, WBC | Yes (ND) | Yes (twice a week during postoperative stay (average time 30Â days), and afterwards at monthly intervals) | Yes | 20Â months |
Mumingjiang et al. 2014 [22] | Prospective cross-sectional | 31 | Primary osteoarthritis, traumatic osteoarthritis, rheumatoid athritis and osteochondritis dissecancs | Preoperative active inflammatory arthritis, complications in the affected knee during the follow-up period and history of knee infections | Knee | IL-6, CRP, ESR | Yes (ND) | Yes, day 1 and 7 and 1, 3 and 6Â months (for complicated in the time of infection detection) | Yes | 6Â months |
Okafor et al. 1998 [23] | Prospective cross-sectional | 66 | Degenerative arthritis or hip fractures | Preoperative sepsis, malignancy, RA, connective tissue disease or immunosuppressive treatments | Hip | ESR, CRP | Yes, on admission | Yes (day 2, 7 and 21) | Yes | 12Â weeks |
Sanzén et al. 1997 [24] | Retrospective study | 23 | Arthrosis, failed osteosynthesis of femoral neck fracture, congenital dislocation of the hip, idiopathic femoral head necrosis | RA | Hip | ESR, CRP | Yes (ND) | Yes (6, (12) and last one depends on patient) | ND | 7 weeks |
Sastre et al. 2006 [25] | Prospective cross-sectional | 143 | Primary osteoarthritis | ND | Hip, knee | CRP | Yes (1Â day) | Yes (2, 5 and 15Â days) | Yes | 2Â years |
Shah et al. 2009 [26] | Prospective case–control study | 49 | ND osteoarthritis | Known chronic inflammatory disease (RA, SLE, CD, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, psoriasis), recent antibiotic treatment or intercurrent infections before surgery, Paget's disease, revision arthroplasty, vascular disorders (lymphoproliferative disorders, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia) or cancer | Hip, knee | IL-6 (and other cytokines) | Yes (2 weeks) | Yes (6 h, 48 h, 6 weeks) | ND | 6 weeks |
Windisch et al. 2016 [27] | Retrospective study | 1.068 | Primary knee osteoarthritis | Active inflammation, active rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, HIV, an inflammatory disease of chest or abdomen, surgical intervention in the 3Â months prior to the planned TKA | Knee | CRP | Yes (ND) | Yes (from the first to the tenth day) | Yes | 1Â month |
Wroblewski et al. 1974 [28] | NDa | 100 | Primary or secondary osteoarthritis | RA, suspected clinical or radiological sepsis, systemic disease likely to affect ESR, previous surgery | Hip | ESR | Yes (ND) | Yes (ND) | ND | 4–7 years |
Zarghooni et al. 2019 [29] | Prospective case–control study | 41 (102) | ND | ND | Knee (or spine) | CRP, IL-6 (and other cytokines) | Yes (Control: 7 to 1 days, Case: 5 to 1 days) | Yes (Control: 0–22 days, Case: 0–197 days) | Yes | 1 year after hospital discharge |