Fig. 1From: Percutaneous versus open posterior stabilization and decompression in AOSpine-type A3 thoracolumbar fractures with neurological deficit a λ = the anteroposterior diameter of the vertebral canal at the pedicle plane in the proximal adjacent segment of the fractured vertebra. b κ = the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the fracture fragments in the vertebral canal of the fractured vertebra. c μ = the anteroposterior diameter of the vertebral canal at the pedicle plane in the distal adjacent segment of the fractured vertebra. Degree of canal encroachment = κ/(λ + μ)/2Back to article page