Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
From: Association of bone mineral density with trichlorophenol: a population-based study
Variable | Male | Female | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
N | 1737 | 1648 | |
Age(years) | 46.21 ± 17.01 | 46.78 ± 16.93 | < 0.01 |
Race (%) | 0.23 | ||
Mexican American | 351 (20.21) | 308 (18.69) | |
Other Hispanic | 137 (7.89) | 156 (9.47) | |
Non-Hispanic White | 838 (48.24) | 772 (46.84) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 326 (18.77) | 339 (20.57) | |
Other Race | 85 (4.89) | 73 (4.43) | |
BMI (kg/m^2) | 27.86 ± 4.97 | 28.00 ± 6.09 | 0.44 |
Education(%) | 0.63 | ||
High School Grad or Below | 468 (26.94) | 432 (26.21) | |
College Grad or Above | 1269 (73.06) | 1216 (73.79) | |
Income poverty ratio(%) | 0.02 | ||
≤ 0.99 | 325 (18.71) | 360 (21.84) | |
> 1 | 1412 (81.29) | 1288 (78.16) | |
Serum calcium(mg/dL) | 9.49 ± 0.35 | 9.42 ± 0.37 | < 0.01 |
Serum phosphorus(mg/dL) | 3.65 ± 0.57 | 3.84 ± 0.56 | < 0.01 |
Serum lead(ug/dL) | 2.14 ± 2.14 | 1.46 ± 1.12 | < 0.01 |
Serum cotinine(ng/mL) | 72.61 ± 139.98 | 54.85 ± 124.15 | < 0.01 |
Drink wine(%) | < 0.01 | ||
Yes | 1459 (84.00) | 1043 (63.29) | |
No | 278 (16.00) | 605 (36.71) | |
Drink milk(%) | < 0.01 | ||
Yes | 1383 (79.62) | 1206 (73.18) | |
No | 354 (20.38) | 442 (26.82) | |
Moderate physical activity(%) | 0.18 | ||
Yes | 802 (46.17) | 723 (43.87) | |
No | 935 (53.83) | 925 (56.13) | |
Vigorous physical activity(%) | < 0.01 | ||
Yes | 598 (34.43) | 351 (21.30) | |
No | 1139 (65.57) | 1297 (78.70) | |
Diabetes(%) | 0.1 | ||
Yes | 244 (14.05) | 200 (12.14) | |
No | 1493 (85.95) | 1448 (87.86) | |
Ln-2,4,5-TCP(ug/L) | -7.19 ± 0.73 | -6.81 ± 0.80 | < 0.01 |
Ln-2,4,6-TCP(ug/L) | -5.59 ± 0.71 | -5.25 ± 0.75 | < 0.01 |
BMD | |||
Total femur(g/cm2) | 1.04 ± 0.15 | 0.92 ± 0.15 | < 0.01 |
Femoral neck(g/cm2) | 0.88 ± 0.14 | 0.82 ± 0.15 | < 0.01 |
Femoral tuberosity(g/cm2) | 0.78 ± 0.13 | 0.69 ± 0.12 | < 0.01 |
Intertrochanteric femur(g/cm2) | 1.22 ± 0.17 | 1.09 ± 0.17 | < 0.01 |
Lumbar spine(g/cm2) | 1.06 ± 0.14 | 1.01 ± 0.15 | < 0.01 |