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Table 6 The characteristics of two new-designed 3D-printed intercalary prostheses

From: Reconstruction of massive bone defects after femoral tumor resection using two new-designed 3D-printed intercalary prostheses: a clinical analytic study with the cooperative utilization of multiple technologies

Type

A

B

Reconstructed regions

ROI 2–3

ROI 2–3 or ROI-3

Regions of proximal stem and screws

ROI 1–2

ROI 1–2

Proximal osteotomy plane

ROI 2

ROI 2 or ROI 3

Distal osteotomy plane

ROI 3

ROI 3

Proximal 3D-printed stem

Curved stem

Anchorage-slot stem

Proximal screws

Tensile screws to enhance the stability and load-transfer

Cooperative utilization of locking screw(s) and tensile screws to provide reliable initial mechanical stability, enhance load-transfer and facilitate the later biological fixation

Proximal screw insertions

Spongy bone

Calcar femorale and spongy bone

Osteotomy implementation

Under 3D-printed osteotomy guide plate

Under 3D-printed osteotomy guide plate

3D-printed bone-implant interfaces

Both proximal and distal interfaces

Both proximal and distal interfaces

Anatomical advantages

Maximum retainment of calcar femorale and load-bear bone trabecula

Maximum retainment of calcar femorale and load-bear bone trabecula

Biomechanical advantages

Obey the biomechanical distribution

Provide strong supporting for the load-carrying of calcar femorale and medial cortical bone

Enhance the load-transfer from the femoral head and neck

Obey the biomechanical distribution

Stabilize the mechanical system of proximal metaphysis and calcar femorale

Enhance the load-transfer from the femoral head and neck

Fixation plate

Lateral plate is preferential

Lateral plate is preferential

Reestablishment of attachment

Iliopsoas insertion

Iliopsoas insertion if resected