| All participants | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 38.7 (14.1) | 37.7 (14.7) | 36.6 (14.5) | 39.7(11.8) | |
BMI | 29.2 (6.9) | 29.3 (7.6) | 31.3 (6.7) | 27.5 (6.2) | |
Sex | F | n = 55 (61%) | n = 21 (64%) | n = 16 (60%) | n = 18 (60%) |
M | n = 35 (39%) | n = 12 (36%) | n = 11 (40%) | n = 12 (40%) | |
Race | White | n = 56 (63%) | n = 22 (66%) | n = 16 (59%) | n = 18 (60%) |
Black | n = 25 (27%) | n = 7 (21%) | n = 8 (30%) | n = 10 (33%) | |
Asian | n = 3 (3%) | n = 1 (3%) | n = 0 (0%) | n = 2 (6%) | |
Mixed race | n = 6 (7%) | n = 3 (10%) | n = 3 (11%) | n = 0 (0%) | |
Smoking status | Never | n = 38 (42%) | n = 13 (39%) | n = 9 (33%) | n = 16 (53%) |
Currently | n = 20 (22%) | n = 11 (34%) | n = 5 (19%) | n = 4 (14%) | |
Past | n = 32 (36%) | n = 9 (27%) | n = 13 (48%) | n = 10 (33%) | |
Exercise | No (1) | n = 6 (7%) | n = 4 (12%) | n = 0 (0%) | n = 2 (7%) |
No (2) | n = 16 (18%) | n = 6 (18%) | n = 5 (18%) | n = 5 (17%) | |
No (3) | n = 14 (16%) | n = 5 (15%) | n = 5 (18%) | n = 4 (13%) | |
Yes (4) | n = 18 (20%) | n = 6 (18%) | n = 8 (30%) | n = 4 (13%) | |
Yes (5) | n = 35 (39%) | n = 11 (33%) | n = 9 (34%) | n = 15 (50%) | |
Missing | n = 1 (1%) | n = 1 (3.3%) | n = 0 (0%) | n = 0 (0%) | |
General Health | Poor | n = 0 (0%) | n = 0 (0%) | n = 0 (0%) | n = 0 (0%) |
Fair | n = 6 (7%) | n = 2 (6%) | n = 2 (7%) | n = 2 (6%) | |
Good | n = 40 (44%) | n = 13 (39%) | n = 13 (48%) | n = 14 (47%) | |
Very good | n = 37 (41%) | n = 17 (48%) | n = 10 (37%) | n = 11 (37%) | |
Excellent | n = 6 (7%) | n = 1 (3%) | n = 2 (7%) | n = 3 (10%) | |
Missing | n = 1 (1%) | n = 1 (3%) | n = 0 (0%) | n = 0 (0%) | |
Pain Score | 5.7 (1.4) | 5.5 (1.4) | 6.1 (1.4) | 5.6 (1.4) | |
ODI | 34.3 (9.3) | 33.8 (9.6) | 35.0 (10.2) | 33.9 (8.5) |