Table 2 Perioperative and follow-up outcomes

Operation time (min)

275.3 ± 25.9 (215–325)

 Posterior surgery

107.2 ± 19.1 (80–150)

 Anterior surgery

168.1 ± 28.6 (105–225)

Blood loss (ml)

334.1 ± 40.9 (260–405)

 Posterior surgery

180.9 ± 31.5 (105–230)

 Anterior surgery

153.1 ± 31.2 (90–210)

Follow-up time (years)

7.8 ± 2.4 (5–12)

Back pain score

Preoperative

Postoperative

Final follow-up

 FLACC (age ≤ 5 years)

6.4 ± 1.1 (5–8)

2.8 ± 0.8 (2–4)^*

 VAS (age>5 years)

5.8 ± 1.2 (4–8)

2.6 ± 1.3 (1–5)^*

 VAS (all patients)

0.5 ± 0.6 (0–2)

Inflammatory indicator

Preoperative

Post-op 6 months

Post-op 1 year

 ESR (mm/h)

60.4 ± 10.3 (42–76)

10.1 ± 3.3 (5–16)^*

4.1 ± 1.9 (1–8)^**

 CRP (mg/L)

47.7 ± 13.1 (29–76)

7.7 ± 3.0 (3–13)^*

3.5 ± 2.0 (0–7)^**