Table 3 Reduction of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire items based on modification indices (MI) and factor loadings from confirmatory factor analysis
Redundant items | Item description | MI | Factor loading | Item deleted |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Decision 1 | ||||
Item 2 | I change position frequently to try and get my back comfortable | 72.340 | 0.07 | Item 2 |
Item 6 | Because of my back, I lie down to rest more often | 0.41 | ||
Decision 2 | ||||
Item 21 | I avoid heavy jobs around the house because of my back | 29.984 | 0.48 | Item 21 |
Item 23 | Because of my back, I go upstairs more slowly than usual | 0.79 | ||
Decision 3 | ||||
Item 15 | My appetite is not very good because of my back pain | 20.767 | 0.96 | Item 15 |
Item 19 | Because of my back pain, I get dressed with help from someone else | 0.99 | ||
Decision 4 | ||||
Item 6 | Because of my back, I lie down to rest more often | 19.410 | 0.41 | Item 6 |
Item 13 | My back is painful almost all the time | 0.48 | ||
Decision 5 | ||||
Item 9 | I get dressed more slowly because of my back | 15.609 | 0.85 | Item 14 |
Item 14 | I find it difficult to turn over in bed because of my back | 0.74 | ||
Decision 6 | ||||
Item 18 | I sleep less well because of my back | 13.827 | 0.33 | Item 18 |
Item 22 | Because of my back pain, I am more irritable and bad tempered with people than usual | 0.56 | ||
Decision 7 | ||||
Item 11 | Because of my back, I try not to bend or kneel down | 12.642 | 0.67 | Item 11 |
Item 15 | My appetite is not very good because of my back pain | 0.96 | ||
Decision 8 | ||||
Item 7 | Because of my back, I have to hold on to something to get out of an easy chair | 10.585 | 0.85 | Item 7 |
Item 12 | I find it difficult to get out of a chair because of my back | 0.91 | ||
Decision 9 | ||||
Item 19 | Because of my back pain, I get dressed with help from someone else | 10.569 | 0.99 | Item 23 |
Item 23 | Because of my back, I go upstairs more slowly than usual | 0.79 | ||