| Regression Coefficient | Standard Error | Waldχ2 | p-value | OR | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age ≥ 75 years | 0.766 | 0.214 | 12.812 |  < 0.001 | 2.151 | 1.414–3.272 |
Severe osteoporosis | 1.038 | 0.329 | 9.954 | 0.002 | 2.824 | 1.481–5.381 |
Severe facet joint OA | 1.507 | 0.426 | 12.514 |  < 0.001 | 4.513 | 1.958–10.402 |
Dynamic changes in LL < 10° | 1.639 | 0.412 | 15.826 |  < 0.001 | 5.150 | 2.296–11.548 |
Constant | -1.921 | 0.437 | 19.323 |  < 0.001 | 0.146 |  |