Table 2 Preoperative parameters, description of the study population and their mean values, standard deviations (mean ± SD) as well as minimum and maximum values (range). The values are presented both overall across groups as well as separately for patients treated with and without tranexamic acid (TXA) and for the two centres. The p-value (P) with respect to the differences between the two patient groups (nonTXA and TXA) and between the two centres (location) is listed accordingly

Sex, n (%)

0.599

0.442

0.104

1.000

 Male

79 (27)

42 (29)

37 (25)

37 (27)

16 (23)

21 (30)

42 (27)

26 (33)

16 (21)

 Female

215 (73)

105 (71)

110 (75)

101 (73)

53 (77)

48 (70)

114 (73)

52 (67)

62 (79)

Age, y

0.543

0.846

0.293

0.337

 Mean (SD)

81 ± 11

81 ± 11

81 ± 12

80 ± 11

81 ± 11

80 ± 10

82 ± 12

81 ± 11

83 ± 13

 Range

33–102

48–97

33–102

42–96

51–96

42–95

33–102

48–97

33–102

Body weight, kg

0.823

0.996

0.749

0.380

 Mean (SD)

69 ± 15

69 ± 15

69 ± 16

70 ± 15

70 ± 13

70 ± 17

69 ± 15

68 ± 17

69 ± 14

 Range

38–118

38–115

39–118

45–118

46–100

45–118

38–115

38–115

39–107

Body height, m

0.832

0.736

0.489

0.465

 Mean (SD)

1.64 ± 0.09

1.65 ± 0.09

1.64 ± 0.09

1.65 ± 0.1

1.65 ± 0.09

1.65 ± 0.1

1.64 ± 0.09

1.65 ± 0.1

1.64 ± 0.09

 Range

1.44–2.00

1.48–1.91

1.44–2.00

1.44–2.00

1.48–1.91

1.44–2.00

1.47–1.90

1.48–1.86

1.47–1.90

BMI, kg/m²

0.706

0.653

0.342

0.631

 Mean (SD)

26 ± 5

25 ± 5

26 ± 5

26 ± 5

26 ± 4

26 ± 5

25 ± 5

25 ± 5

26 ± 5

 Range

15–40

15–38

16–40

18–38

19–38

18–36

15–40

15–38

16–40

ASS, n (%)

0.715

1.000

0.745

0.020

 Yes

104 (35)

50 (34)

54 (37)

39 (28)

19 (27)

20 (29)

65 (42)

31 (40)

34 (44)

 No

190 (65)

97 (66)

93 (63)

99 (72)

50 (73)

49 (71)

91 (58)

47 (60)

44 (56)

AO classification, n (%)

0.785

0.975

0.708

0.002

 A1

111 (38)

55 (37)

56 (38)

60 (44)

29 (42)

31 (45)

51 (33)

26 (33)

25 (32)

 A2

125 (43)

65 (44)

60 (41)

44 (31)

23 (33)

21 (30)

81 (52)

42 (54)

39 (50)

 A3

58 (20)

27 (18)

31 (21)

34 (25)

17 (25)

17 (25)

24 (15)

10 (13)

14 (18)

ASA

0.441

0.759

0.405

0.004

 Mean (SD)

2.7 ± 0.5

2.8 ± 0.5

2.7 ± 0.6

2.6 ± 0.6

2.7 ± 0.5

2.6 ± 0.6

2.8 ± 0.5

2.9 ± 0.4

2.8 ± 0.5

 Range

1–4

2–4

1–4

1–4

2–4

1–4

1–4

2–4

1–4

Hb, mmol/l

0.002

0.153

0.004

0.319

 Mean (SD)

7.83 ± 0.98

8.01 ± 0.98

7.66 ± 0.95

7.89 ± 0.93

8 ± 0.93

7.78 ± 0.92

7.78 ± 1.02

8.01 ± 1.02

7.55 ± 0.98

 Range

4.5–10.5

4.5–10.5

5.1–9.7

5.5–10.3

06.10.2003

5.5–9.7

4.5–10.5

4.5–10.5

5.1–9.7

HK, %

 < 0.001

0.040

0.003

0.473

 Mean (SD)

0.38 ± 0.05

0.39 ± 0.05

0.37 ± 0.05

0.38 ± 0.04

0.39 ± 0.04

0.37 ± 0.04

0.38 ± 0.05

0.39 ± 0.05

0.36 ± 0.05

 Range

0.22–0.51

0.22–0.51

0.25–0.47

0.26–0.49

0.29–0.49

0.26–0.47

0.22–0.51

0.22–0.51

0.25–0.47

pre-surgery stay, (d)

0.249

0.591

0.253

0.893

 Mean (SD)

0.6 ± 0.7

0.7 ± 0.8

0.5 ± 0.7

0.6 ± 0.8

0.6 ± 0.9

0.6 ± 0.6

0.6 ± 0.7

0.7 ± 0.7

0.5 ± 0.7

 Range

0–7

0–7

0–2

0–7

0–7

0–2

0–3

0–3

0–2