Table 2 Diagnostic accuracy results from the included studies

Auley 1998 [1]

48

171

1

137

0.98 (0.89–1.00)

0.44 (0.39–0.50)

1.76 (1.58–1.97)

0.05 (0.01–0.32)

38.46 (5.24–282.17)

Beceren 2013 [3]

235

203

83

445

0.74 (0.69–0.79)

0.69 (0.65–0.72)

2.36 (2.07–2.69)

0.38 (031–0.46)

6.21 (4.60–8.38)

Broomhead 2003 [5]

43

187

0

35

1.00 (0.92–1.00)

0.16 (0.11–0.21)

1.18 (1.10–1.26)

0.07 (0.00–1.14)

16.47 (0.99–273.79)

Can 2008 [6]

33

173

0

45

1.00 (0.89–1.00)

0.21 (0.15–0.27)

1.24 (1.15–1.35)

0.07 (0.00–1.12)

17.57 (1.06–292.27)

Cheng 2016 [7]

68

263

3

45

0.96 (0.88–0.99)

0.15 (0.11–0.19)

1.12 (1.05–1.20)

0.29 (0.09–0.90)

3.88 (1.17–12.86)

Daş 2016 [8]

61

190

1

153

0.98 (0.91–1.00)

0.45 (0.39–0.50)

1.78 (1.61–1.96)

0.04 (0.01–0.25)

49.12 (6.73–358.42)

Glas 2002 [12]

44

119

30

69

0.59 (0.47–0.71)

0.37 (0.0–0.44)

0.94 (0.76–1.17)

1.10 (0.79–1.54)

0.85 (0.49–1.48)

Gomes 2020 [13]

88

278

5

51

0.95 (0.88–0.98)

0.16 (0.12–0.20)

1.12 (1.05–1.20)

0.35 (0.14–0.84)

3.23 (1.25–8.34)

Lucchesi 1995 [16]

9

49

0

21

1.00 (0.66–1.00)

0.30 (0.20–0.42)

1.36 (1.11–1.68)

0.17 (0.01–2.52)

8.25 (0.46–148.27)

Papacostas 2001 [21]

7

15

3

42

0.70 (0.35–0.93)

0.74 (0.60–0.84)

2.66 (1.47–4.82)

0.41 (0.16–1.06)

6.53 (1.49–28.57)

Rosin 1999 [22]

48

190

0

86

1.00 (0.93–1.00)

0.31 (0.26–0.37)

1.44 (1.32–1.57)

0.03 (0.00–0.52)

44.04 (2.68–722.59)

Santelli 2008 [24]

29

66

0

51

1.00 (0.88–1.00)

0.44 (0.34–0.53)

1.74 (1.48–2.06)

0.04 (0.00–0.60)

45.69 (2.73–765.63)

Salt 1997 [23]

74

244

0

247

1.00 (0.95–1.00)

0.50 (0.46–0.55)

2.00 (1.83–2.19)

0.01 (0.00–0.21)

150.83 (9.29–2447.58)

Verma 1997 (prospective) [28]

152

607

2

150

0.99 (0.95–1.00)

0.20 (0.17–0.23)

1.23 (1.18–1.28)

0.07 (0.02–0.26)

18.78 (4.60–76.65)

Verma 1997 (retrospective) [28]

270

2181

0

50

1.00 (0.99–1.00)

0.02 (0.02–0.03)

1.02 (1.01–1.03)

0.08 (0.01–1.32)

12.52 (0.77–203.57)

Wang 2013 [29]

61

65

2

55

0.97 (0.89–1.00)

0.46 (0.37–0.55)

1.79 (1.51–2.12)

0.07 (0.02–0.26)

25.81 (6.03–110.41)