Fig. 1

Diagram of the DCVO. A a wider posterior wedge-shaped and three-column osteotomy was performed within multiple deformed complex vertebrae. B The upper and lower endplates were preserved. Anterior longitudinal ligament was also preserved as a hinge for closure of the gap. C bone-to-bone closure was achieved in the anterior and middle columns without interbody fusion cages, resulting in better fusion efficiency. The part surrounded by a blue dotted line was prepared to avoid root entrapment through decompression and expanding the inner diameter of the intervertebral foramen