Fig. 3

Anaerobic spondylodiscitis with concomitant spondylolytic spondylolisthesis in a 53-year-old male (No. 1). A1, 2 Grade 2 spondylolisthesis with pars interarticularis deficiency at L5–S1 observed on plain radiographs. B1 Infectious spondylodiscitis at L5–S1 with a destroyed disk on sagittal enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The dorsal epidural abscesses are visible (white arrows). B2 Heterogeneous enhancement of the lumbosacral facet joint indicating that the facet joint was destroyed through infection (white arrow). Collection of purulent pus extended to the pars interarticularis deficiency (black arrow). C1, 2 Heterogenous enhancement of L5–S1, prevertebral space, bilateral foramina, and spinal canal. The collection of pus was acuminated in the lumbosacral facet joint space (white arrow). D1, 2 Anaerobic spondylodiscitis with concomitant spondylolytic spondylolisthesis diagnosed through contrast-enhanced MRI and bacterial cultures. The patient underwent anterior sequestration and reconstruction with interbody fusion with autogenous iliac crest and instrumentation. The solid bony fusion without the loosening of the instrumentation was observed at the 2-year follow-up