Fig. 2

An 18-year-old female patient with rigid congenital kyphoscoliosis. The preoperative thoracic curve, lumbar curve and thoracic kyphosis were 105°, 118° and 74°, respectively. The sagittal plane was imbalance (A, B). Three-dimensional CT showed that the patient had T7 hemivertebra and posterior lamina deformity (C, D). She underwent posterior correction from T3 to L5. Short rods were placed on the apical regions of the thoracic curve and lumbar curve. After a 3-year follow-up, thoracic curve, lumbar curve, and kyphosis were improved to 67°, 55°, and 53°, respectively. The sagittal plane restored balance (E, F). SVA, sagittal vertical axis