Authors (year) | Number of RCT’s included in systematic review (SR) /meta-analyses (MA) | Population Number of subjects, definition of LBP, pain duration, % women, age | Intervention Descriptive | Control Descriptive |
---|---|---|---|---|
Lawford et al. (2016) [68] | SR: 7 MA: 0 | Number of subjects: 869 Definition: NR Duration: > 3 mo % Woman: NR Age: range 42 to 56 yrs (mean) | Overland and treadmill walking Training period: 4 to 12 wks, from 40 min every other day up to individually graded programs | Any non-pharmacological intervention: usual care (advice, manual therapy, and exercise), supervised exercise classes, strengthening exercises, and medical exercise therapy and conventional therapy Training period: NR |
Sitthipornvorakul et al. (2018) [69] | SR: 9 MA: 4–5 | Number of subjects: 863 Definition: NR Duration: > 3mo in 5 studies, in 3 NR % Woman: NR Age: ≥ 18 yrs | Overland and treadmill walking, alone and in addition to exercise Training period: 6 wks to 12 mo, various durations and frequencies | Any non-pharmacological intervention (exercise, physical therapy, education) Training period: NR |
Vanti et al. (2019) [45] | SR: 5 MA: 5 | Number of subjects: 329 Definition: NR Duration: > 3 mo % Woman: NR Age: mean age from 28 to 48 yrs | Overland, treadmill, and Nordic walking, alone and in addition to exercise Training period: 6 to 8 wks, various durations and frequencies | Exercises, education/advice, usual physiotherapy, manipulative therapy, active living, Nordic walking one instruction Training period: Similar to intervention |