Digital pain extent is associated with pain intensity but not with pain-related cognitions and disability in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain: a cross-sectional study

Table 2 Univariate associations between digital pain extent and psychological factors, pain intensity, and pain-related disability

Variable	The correlation co-efficient (p)
Digital pain extent
GCPS, pain intensity (0–100)	0.38***
GCPS, pain-related disability (0–100)	0.33***
PSEQ, (0–60)	-0.18*
EXPECT (0–40)	-0.13
LOT-R, optimism (0–12)	-0.01
LOT-R, pessimism (0–12)	0.03
CPAQ (0–120)	0.09*

GCPS Chronic Pain Grade Scale, PSEQ Pain Self-efficacy questionnaire, LOT-R Life Orientation Test-Revised, CPAQ Chronic Pain Acceptance Questionnaire. *: p < 0.05; **: p < 0.01; ***: p < 0.001

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