Fig. 3

A 39-year old male patient. a The preoperative X-ray showed that the parietal vertebrae were located at T10, which belonged to the lumbar kyphosis group. b Single-segment pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) was conducted at L2. Lumbar lordosis, global kyphosis, and sagittal vertical axis improved from the preoperative 8°, 78°, and 317.39 mm to –47°, 53°, and 60.47 mm, respectively. c At the last follow-up in the 28th-month post-operation, no apparent orthopedic loss was observed, and lumbar lordosis, global kyphosis, and sagittal vertical axis were –56°, 48°, and 55.56 mm, respectively