Table 2 The results of ANCOVA for between-group differences

Knee varus (+)/valgus (−) (degree)

−19.71 ± 7.48

− 11.24 ± 3.6

−8.47

24.31

0.001^*

0.43

−18.51 ± 7.15

−19.84 ± 7.42

− 1.33

−8.24

5.15

12.68

Femur adduction (+)/ abduction (−) (degree)

11.28 ± 4.98

4.38 ± 6.65

6.9

6.93

0.01^*

0.23

11.07 ± 8.71

9.98 ± 8.33

1.09

−5.6

−10.31

−1.21

Femur medial(+)/lateral rotation(−) (degree)

14.23 ± 4.0

7.46 ± 4.88

6.77

10.50

0.004^*

0.33

17.48 ± 8.29

16.75 ± 8.02

0.73

−9.29

5.26

11.72

Tibial medial (+)/lateral rotation (−) (degree)

−23.79 ± 3.56

−17.23 ± 4.66

−6.56

10.53

0.005^*

0.27

−23.13 ± 7.23

− 23.94 ± 6.28

−0.81

−6.71

−20.31

−14.07

Abductor strength)newton(

0.35 ± 0.02

0.37 ± 0.02

−0.02

19.90

0.001^*

0.49

0.35 ± 0.04

0.34 ± 0.04

0.01

0.03

0.01

0.03

External rotator strength)newton(

0.21 ± 0.02

0.24 ± 0.02

−0.03

25.73

0.001^*

0.56

0.21 ± 0.03

0.22 ± 0.03

−0.01

0.02

0.01

0.04