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Table 1 Demographics and characteristics of the study population

From: Obesity and perioperative adverse events in patients undergoing complex revision surgery for the thoracolumbar spine

Variable

Obese (n = 54)

Non-obese (n = 60)

P-value

BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD (range)

36.2 ± 5.4 (30.0 – 51.7)

25.8 ± 3.0 (16.0 – 29.8)

< 0.001*

Male, n (%)

25 (46.3)

20 (33.3)

0.159

Age (y), mean ± SD (range)

61.4 ± 12.0 (20 – 77)

62.1 ± 13.3 (25 – 80)

0.768

ASA Class, mean ± SD (range)

2.78 ± 0.54 (2 – 4)

2.57 ± 0.65 (1 – 4)

0.060

PMI (mm2/m2), mean ± SD (range)

545.3 ± 174.4 (190.0 – 941.7)

449.6 ± 179.8 (152.2 – 940.4)

0.004*

Comorbidities/Pre-existing conditions, n (%)

 DM

11 (20.4)

10 (16.7)

0.611

 Smokers

7 (13.0)

7 (11.7)

0.834

 Cardiac (CHF, CAD, Atrial fibrillation)

11 (20.4)

14 (23.3)

0.704

 CKD

7 (13.0)

9 (15.0)

0.757

 COPD

19 (35.2)

15 (25.0)

0.234

 CVA

1 (1.9)

1 (1.7)

0.936

 PVD

2 (3.7)

1 (1.7)

0.497

 Cancer

4 (7.4)

2 (3.3)

0.332

No pre-operative motor deficits, n (%)

41 (75.9)

39 (65.0)

0.204

No pre-operative sensory deficits, n (%)

35 (64.8)

30 (50.0)

0.110

Ambulatory status, n (%)

 Ambulate without assistive device

16 (29.6)

20 (33.3)

0.674

 Ambulate with assistive device

30 (55.6)

23 (38.3)

0.066

 Wheelchair bound

8 (14.8)

7 (11.7)

0.617

 Not recorded

4 (7.4)

6 (10.0)

0.624

Indication for reoperation

 Spinal stenosis

22 (40.7)

29 (48.3)

0.418

 Disc disease

13 (24.1)

16 (26.7)

0.749

 Spondylolisthesis

14 (25.9)

14 (23.3)

0.749

 Trauma

3 (5.6)

2 (3.3)

0.562

 Deformity

25 (46.3)

27 (45.0)

0.889

 Adjacent segment disease

22 (40.7)

24 (40.0)

0.936

 Pseudarthrosis

27 (50.0)

30 (50.0)

1.000

 HNP

3 (5.6)

3 (5.0)

0.897

 Infection

2 (3.7)

1 (1.7)

0.497

SSII of primary surgery, mean ± SD (range)

11.9 ± 6.3 (3 – 32)

13.9 ± 5.9 (3 – 32)

0.067

SSII of revision surgery, mean ± SD (range)

25.6 ± 13.7 (11 – 48)

25.8 ± 11.3 (11 – 48)

0.943

  1. PMI Psoas muscle index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, BMI Body mass index, DM Diabetes mellitus, CHF Congestive heart failure, CAD Coronary artery disease, CKD Chronic kidney disease, COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CVA Cerebrovascular accident, PVD Peripheral vascular disease, HNP Herniated nucleus pulposus, SSII Spine surgical invasiveness index [15]
  2. *Statistically significant values