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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants

From: Pain characteristics among individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy according to their clinical stage

  

Ambulatory, N = 62

Early non-ambulatory, N = 35

Late non-ambulatory, N = 51

Total, N = 148

Age (years)a*

 

10.73 ± 3.19

12.86 ± 1.63

20.33 ± 3.68

14.54 ± 5.28

Contractureb,c

Total*

43 (69.4%)

34 (97.1%)

49 (96.1%)

126 (85.1%)

Ankle*

42 (67.7%)

32 (91.4%)

47 (92.2%)

121 (81.8%)

Knee*

2 (3.2%)

21 (60.0%)

39 (76.5%)

62 (41.9%)

Hip*

1 (1.6%)

1 (2.9%)

8 (15.7%)

10 (6.8%)

Shoulder

0

0

2 (3.9%)

2 (1.4%)

Elbow*

0

0

6 (11.8%)

6 (4.1%)

Wrist*

0

0

13 (25.5%)

13 (8.8%)

Scoliosisb*

 

0

9 (25.7%)

29 (56.9%)

38 (25.7%)

Spinal surgeryb*

 

0

0

10 (19.6%)

10 (6.8%)

  1. aMean ± SD
  2. bn (%)
  3. cIf there were two or more joint contractures in one participant, each was counted separately
  4. *Significant difference between the groups (P < 0.05)