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Table 2 The characteristics and the values of tested makers of the infected group

From: Plasma fibrinogen: a sensitive biomarker for the screening of periprosthetic joint infection in patients undergoing re-revision arthroplasty

Patient

Involved joint

Diagnosis of the primary arthroplasty

Diagnosis of the first revision arthroplasty

Preoperative

aspiration

Inflammatory diseases

Antibiotics use

two weeks before current admission

Sinus tract

Pathogen (number of positive growths)

Histologic analysis

Serum

CRP

(mg/L)

ESR

(mm/h)

Plasma

FIB

(g/L)

NLR

Synovial

WBC (cells/μL)

Synovial PMN

(%)

1

Hip

ONFH

PJI

Yes

-

Yes, orally

Yes

-

Positive

27.50

30

3.62

2.52

-

-

2

Hip

Femur neck fracture

PJI

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

Escherichia coli (2)

Positive

80.00

25

4.54

8.00

-

-

3

Knee

Osteoarthritis

PJI

Yes

RA

No

-

-

Positive

23.10

15

3.57

2.25

4541

91

4

Knee

Osteoarthritis

PJI

Yes

RA

No

Yes

Staphylococcus aureus (3)

-

80.00

40

4.43

5.91

-

-

5

Hip

Femur neck fracture

PJI

Yes

-

No

-

-

Positive

16.40

46

5.5

1.35

 > 20,000

92

6

Hip

ONFH

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

Enterobacter cloacae (6)

Positive

80.00

2

4.94

8.00

 > 20,000

98

7

Hip

ONFH

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

No

-

-

Positive

17.50

41

3.14

2.13

12,100

91

8

Hip

Femur neck fracture

Periprosthetic fracture

-

-

Yes, intravenously

Yes

-

-

7.11

45

3.61

5.70

-

-

9

Knee

Osteoarthritis

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

Proteus Peng (2)

Positive

1.09

10

3.74

5.79

-

-

10

Knee

Osteoarthritis

PJI

Yes

RA

Yes, intravenously

Yes

Staphylococcus aureus (2)

-

80.00

73

4.83

8.00

380

80

11

Hip

ONFH

PJI

Yes

-

No

Yes

Brucella citrate (1)

-

30.00

80

5.42

7.84

 > 20,000

95

12

Hip

Femur neck fracture

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

Unclear

-

Enterobacter urinalis (2)

Positive

26.50

67

4.45

2.53

1500

92

13

Hip

Femur neck fracture

Prosthesis fracture

Yes

Psoriasis

Unclear

Yes

Staphylococcus aureus (1)

Positive

58.80

120

4.23

3.65

-

-

14

Knee

Osteoarthritis

PJI

Yes

-

No

-

Staphylococcus aureus (2)

-

24.30

78

5.47

5.97

-

-

15

Knee

Osteoarthritis

PJI

Yes

-

No

-

Enterococcus faecalis (3)

-

62.40

79

4.72

3.25

78

48

16

Hip

Femur neck fracture

Periprosthetic fracture

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

-

Positive

26.70

60

3.7

2.43

15,540

90

17

Knee

Osteoarthritis

Periprosthetic fracture

Yes

-

No

-

Enterobacter cloacae (2)

-

87.70

58

5.71

8.00

 > 20,000

93

18

Hip

ONFH

PJI

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

Enterococcus faecium (4)

Positive

61.30

80

5.5

3.98

-

-

19

Knee

Osteoarthritis

PJI

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

Yes

Staphylococcus epidermidis (1)

-

75.00

70

3.98

1.89

 > 20,000

90

20

Hip

ONFH

PJI

Yes

-

No

-

Escherichia coli (2)

-

21.20

68

4.62

2.08

-

-

21

Knee

Osteoarthritis

PJI

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

Enterobacter cloacae (2)

Positive

48.80

85

4.77

2.72

 > 20,000

95

22

Knee

Osteoarthritis

PJI

Yes

-

No

-

Enterococcus faecalis (3)

-

16.40

80

3.98

2.89

8770

90

23

Hip

Femur neck fracture

PJI

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2)

-

4.82

34

4.83

2.15

6671

98

24

Hip

Intertrochanteric fracture

PJI

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3)

Positive

19.30

70

4.96

3.12

-

-

25

Hip

Femur neck fracture

PJI

Yes

-

Yes, orally

-

Streptococcus parisiae (4)

Positive

80.00

80

5.5

7.78

3560

98

26

Hip

ONFH

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

Unclear

Yes

-

Positive

9.06

51

3.67

2.65

-

-

27

Knee

RA

Periprosthetic fracture

Yes

RA

Yes, intravenously

Yes

-

-

18.00

78

4.81

3.51

7400

95

28

Hip

ONFH

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

Yes, intravenously

-

-

Positive

10.50

52

3.93

2.75

12,750

91

29

Hip

ONFH

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

No

Yes

-

-

5.20

36

2.57

3.20

-

-

30

Hip

ONFH

PJI

Yes

-

No

-

-

Positive

17.20

48

3.68

3.67

250

92

31

Hip

ONFH

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

No

-

Staphylococcus epidermidis (2)

Positive

19.00

60

4.59

2.45

 > 20,000

87

32

Hip

ONFH

Aseptic loosening

Yes

-

No

-

Staphylococcus epidermidis (4)

Positive

52.70

29

4.19

2.48

1200

95

  1. ONFH osteonecrosis of the femoral head, RA rheumatoid arthritis, PJI periprosthetic joint infection, CRP C-reactive protein, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, FIB fibrinogen, NLR neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio, WBC: white blood cell, PMN polymorphonuclear neutrophil