Table 5 Association between preceding sleep disturbance and onset of neck pain

Sleep disturbance at the third time point

Total

Absence

Presence

P value

Participants without neck pain at the third time point

1,647

1,178

469

Onset of neck pain at the fourth time point, n (%)

174 (10.6)

88 (7.5)

86 (18.3)

Crude OR (95% CI)

1 (Ref.)

2.78 (2.02–3.83)

 < 0.001

Adjusted OR (95%CI)

1 (Ref.)

2.47 (1.72–3.55)

 < 0.001

duration

 < 1 year

≥ 1 year, < 2 years

≥ 2 years

P for trend

Participants without neck pain at the third time point

142

75

252

Onset of neck pain at the fourth time point, n (%)

21 (14.8)

13 (17.3)

52 (20.6)

Crude OR (95% CI)

1 (Ref.)

2.15 (1.29–3.59)

2.60 (1.38–4.91)

3.22 (2.21–4.68)

 < 0.001

Adjusted OR (95%CI)

1 (Ref.)

1.86 (1.08–3.20)

2.39 (1.22–4.70)

3.00 (1.94–4.65)

 < 0.001