Table 4 Pain outcomes from non-RCT studies
From: The effectiveness of weight loss programs for low back pain: a systematic review
Effect on Pain | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Study | Type of Intervention | Outcome | Within group difference (MD, 95% CI) | P-Value |
Bhandari et al. 2019 [21] | Bariatric surgery | NPRS (baseline to 1 year) | MD = -5.0, 95% CI -5.7 to -4.3 | < 0.001 |
Hooper et al. 2007 [22] | Gastric bypass surgery | Frequency of L-spine symptoms before surgery Frequency of L-spine symptoms after surgery (6–12 months) | n = 18 (38%) n = 3 (6.25%) OR = 0.11, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.41 | Pre vs post < 0.001 |
Khoueir et al. 2009 [23] | Bariatric surgery | VAS (baseline to 12 months) | MD = -2.3, 95% CI -3.8 to -0.8 | < 0.006 |
Lidar et al. 2012 [24] | Bariatric surgery | VAS axial back pain (baseline to 12 months) VAS leg pain (baseline to 12 months) | MD = -4.4, 95% CI -5.9 to -2.5 MD = -3.0, 95% CI -4.5 to -1.5 | < 0.001 < 0.001 |
McGoey et al. 1990 [25] | Bariatric surgery | Standardized pain questionnaire (baseline to 22.5 months) | Reduction in participants experiencing pain from 62% preoperatively to 11% postoperatively (n = 104) OR = 0.07, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.15 | |
Melissas et al. 2003 [31] | Vertical banded gastroplasty | Complete resolution of LBP (2 years post-op) Significant improvement in LBP (2 years post-op) | 19/29 pts who suffered from LBP preoperatively 10/29 pts who suffered from LBP preoperatively | Not reported |
Melissas et al. 2005 [26] | Vertical banded gastroplasty | VAS – pain immediately (baseline to 24 months) VAS – pain at its worst pattern (baseline to 24 months) VAS—at its best pattern (baseline to 24 months) | MD = -1.3, 95% CI -2 to -0.6 MD = -3.4, 95% CI -4.4 to -2.4 MD = -0.7, 95% CI -1.1 to -0.3 | < 0.001 < 0.001 = 0.006 |
Roffey et al. 2011 [27] | Nonsurgical weight loss program | NPRS (baseline to 14 weeks) | MD = -1.6, 95% CI -2.6 to -0.6 | = 0.001 |
NPRS (baseline to 53 weeks) | MD = -0.7, 95% CI -1.8 to 0.4 | = 0.07 | ||
Silisteanu et al 2015 [28] | Nutritional and behavioral modification | VAS (beginning and end of each of the 3 rehabilitation programs) | Men URBAN: Initial: 6.0 ± 1.4 | Final: 3.0 ± 0.7 Men RURAL: Initial: 7.0 ± 1.1 | Final: 3.5 ± 0.8 Women URBAN: Initial: 7.0 ± 1.3 | Final: 4.0 ± 0.9 Women RURAL: Initial: 7.0 ± 1.2 | Final: 4.0 ± 0.8 | Btw pre-treatment and post-treatment P < 0.01 |
Control | VAS (beginning and end of each of the 3 rehabilitation programs) | Men URBAN: Initial: 7.0 ± 1.5 | Final: 5.0 ± 1.5 Men RURAL: Initial: 6.0 ± 1.5 | Final: 4.0 ± 1.5 Women URBAN: Initial: 7.0 ± 1.4 | Final: 5.0 ± 1.4 Women RURAL: Initial: 6.0 ± 1.4 | Final: 4.0 ± 1.5 | Btw pre-treatment and post-treatment P < 0.01 | |
Vincent et al. 2012 [29] | Bariatric surgery | NPRS (baseline to 3 months) | No moderate to severe LBP at baseline = 25.0% No moderate to severe LBP at 3 months = 61.1% OR = 4.75, 95% CI 1.41 to 16.05 | N/A |
Nonsurgical control | NPRS (baseline to 3 months) | No values reported. “The control group did not demonstrate any significant changes in joint pain” | N/A | |