Continuous care intervention with carbohydrate restriction improves physical function of the knees among patients with type 2 diabetes: a non-randomized study

Table 2 Regression coefficients (β), 95% confidence intervals and p-values for each predictor from linear mixed effects regression models associated with total and individual KOOS subscale scores

Variables	Total KOOS		KOOS Symptoms		KOOS Pain		KOOS ADL		KOOS Sport		KOOS QoL
Variables	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P
CAF	−5.0 (−9.8, −0.2)	0.04	−4.1 (−8.7,5.0)	0.08	−3.4 (−7.9,1.2)	0.15	−4.8 (−9.3, −0.3)	0.04	−4.8 (−11.8, 2.2)	0.18	−4.6 (− 10.3, 1.2)	0.12
Weight	0.0 (−0.2,0.0)	0.81	−0.0 (− 0.2,0.2)	0.89	− 0.0 (− 0.2,0.2)	0.98	0.0 (− 0.1,0.2)	0.83	0.0 (− 0.1,0.3)	0.86	−0.0 (− 0.2, 0.2)	0.91
hsCRP	−0.8 (− 1.6,0.1)	0.08	− 0.9 (− 1.8, − 0.1)	0.03	−0.8 (− 1.6,0.1)	0.08	−0.7 (− 1.6,0.1)	0.08	−0.7 (−2.0,0.5)	0.26	− 0.8 (− 1.8, 0.2)	0.1

Note. Ns for continuous care intervention = 103, completers with available knee score data at 2 years. The models included all three predictors and their interaction terms. The time was treated as a random slope. Baseline age, sex, race, body mass index, and insulin use were used as covariates in the models. This maximum likelihood-based approach uses all available data

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