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Table 3 Summary of the available literature involving use of radiofrequency thermal ablation for the treatment of extra- and intra-articular or intra-capsular osteoid osteoma, modified and updated from Lindquester et al. [16]

From: Comparison of arthroscopy versus percutaneous radiofrequency thermal ablation for the management of intra- and juxta-articular elbow osteoid osteoma: case series and a literature review

Study

(year)

Sample size

(intra-articular OO)

Average age of the patients (years)

Average duration of symptoms until the accurate diagnosis

(months)

Symptoms

Histopathological analysis

performed

(number of confirmations / number of biopsies)

Average follow-up period

(months)

Primary success rate a

Recurrence rate

(number of recurrences/ sample size)

Complications

Ghanem et al

(2003) [31]

23

(2)

12

34

intensified nocturnal pain, joint stiffness, limp

YES

(1/12)

41

91.3%

(21/23)

8.7%

(2/23)

2 S—developed asymmetry of joint range of motionb

1 m—transient muscle atrophy

Papagelopoulos et al

(2006) [44]

16

(16)

27

NR

intensified nocturnal pain (relieved by NSAIDs)

NO

30

100%

(16/16)

0%

(0/16)

5 m—transient pain

1 m—transient paraesthesia

Peyser et al

(2007) [32]

51

(7)

20

11

intensified nocturnal pain (relieved by NSAIDs)

YES

(15/32)

24

98.0%

(50/51)

2.0%

(1/51)

1 S—wound infection

Peyser et al

(2009) [45]

22

(5)

13

12

pain

YES

(8/12)

39

95.5%

(21/22)

4.5%

(1/22)

1 S—subtalar joint degenerative changes

1 m—superficial infection

Akhlaghpoor et al

(2010) [46]

21

(6)

19

43

persistent pain partially relieved by NSAIDs

NO

28

100%

(21/21)

0%

(0/21)

1 m—skin burn

Mylona et al

(2010) [19]

23

(7)

28

19

intensified nocturnal pain

NO

12

91.3%

(21/23)

0%

(0/23)

NO

Al-Omari et al

(2012) [47]

30

(2)

15

NR

intensified nocturnal pain (relieved by NSAIDs)

NR

30

93.3%

(28/30)

3.3%

(1/30)

2 m—skin burn

Rimondi et al

(2012) [48]

557

(65)

21

 ~ 6 c

persistent pain partially relieved by NSAIDs

YES

(95/557)

42

95.7%

(533/557)

4.3%

(24/557)

2 S—maximum procedure temperature was not achieved

1 m—thrombophlebitis

1 m—skin burn

1 m—broken electrode

Albisinni et al

(2014) [4]

27

(27)

30

30

intensified nocturnal pain (relieved by NSAIDs)

YES

(9/27)

67

96.3%

(26/27)

3.7%

(1/27)

NO

Cheng et al

(2014) [49]

66

(14)

19

NR

NR

NR

53

92.1%

(58/63)d

7.6%

(5/63)d

1 S—wound infection

Garge et al

(2017) [50]

30

(4)

13

NR

intensified nocturnal pain (relieved by NSAIDs)

YES

(10/18)

NR

96.7%

(29/30)

0%

(0/30)

1 m—transient interosseous nerve damage following OO ablation of the radial head

Hage et al

(2018) [51]

92

(3)

18

NR

intensified nocturnal pain (relieved by NSAIDs)

NR

93

91.3%

(84/92)

6.5%

(6/92)

1 S – surgically treated abscess

1 S—pulmonary oedema

Esteban Cuesta et al

(2018) [28]

207

(13)

22

NR

characteristic pain

NR

12

98.1%

(203/207)

1.9%

(4/207)

3 S—technique failures

May et al

(2019) [29]

43

(26)

12

 ~ 6 e

intensified nocturnal pain (relieved by NSAIDs), limp

YES

(43/84)

12

92.7%

(38/41)

NR

1 S – deep tissue infection

1 S – pathological fracture

1 m – transient paraesthesia

Baal et al

(2019) [30]

71

(1)

16

NR

intensified nocturnal pain (relieved by NSAIDs)

NR

27

85.9%

(61/71)

14.1%

(10/71)

NO

  1. OO Osteoid Osteoma, S Severe complication, m mild complication, NR Not Reported, NSAIDs Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
  2. alack of clinical symptoms and / or radiological presence of the lesion after the RFA procedure, bboth cases pretend to intra-articular OO, only locations of the intra-articular OOs are presented, cauthors presented that in 55% of cases the period from the first symptoms until the procedure was less than 6 months, dthree patients were lost to follow-up, ^in intra-articular cases of OO, an additional triamcinolone acetonide injection was administered, eauthors presented that in 57% of cases the period from the first symptoms until the procedure was less than 6 months