Table 3 The five dimensions of the European Quality of Life scale (EQ-5D) of the participants by demographic and clinical characteristics
Variable | Median(Q1-Q3) | P value1 |
|---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Male | 0.74 (0.54–0.80) | 0.3372 |
Female | 0.70 (0.49–0.79) | |
Age category (years) | ||
< 40 | 0.80 (0.79–0.81) | 0.0012 |
≥40 | 0.75 (0.50–0.79) | |
Marital status | ||
(Single, Divorced, Widowed) | 0.73 (0.59–0.80) | 0.5612 |
Married | 0.72 (0.50–0.80) | |
Residency | ||
Village | 0.71 (0.51–0.81) | 0.4783 |
Camp | 0.64 (0.49–0.76) | |
City | 0.73 (0.54–0.80) | |
Educational level | ||
No formal education | 0.64 (0.44–0.79) | 0.0473 |
Primary | 0.71 (0.47–0.78) | |
Preparatory | 0.66 (0.47–0.78) | |
Secondary | 0.73 (0.62–0.81) | |
University | 0.76 (0.67–0.80) | |
Smoking status | ||
Smoker | 0.73 (0.53–0.80) | 0.7922 |
Non-smoker | 0.72 (0.50–0.80) | |
Occupation | ||
Not working | 0.69 (0.47–0.79) | 0.0112 |
Working | 0.74 (0.64–0.80) | |
BMI | ||
Normal weight | 0.74 (0.55–0.80) | 0.0513 |
Overweight | 0.74 (0.56–0.82) | |
Obese | 0.66 (0.49–0.78) | |
Trauma | ||
Yes | 0.79 (0.72–0.81) | < 0.0012 |
No | 0.65 (0.46–0.76) | |
Pain medications | ||
Acetaminophen only | 0.76 (0.63–0.82) | 0.0023 |
NSAIDs only | 0.73 (0.54–0.79) | |
Acetaminophen & NSAIDs | 0.64 (0.43–0.76) | |
Number of affected joints | ||
One joint | 0.76 (0.70–0.82) | < 0.0013 |
Two joints | 0.65 (0.48–0.76) | |
Three joints or more | 0.63 (0.37–0.74) | |
Duration of the disease | ||
Less than five years | 0.74 (0.62–0.81) | 0.0063 |
5–10 years | 0.72 (0.49–0.83) | |
More than ten years | 0.62 (0.44–0.74) | |
Number of comorbidities | ||
0 | 0.76 (0.69–0.83) | < 0.0013 |
1 | 0.73 (0.53–0.79) | |
2 | 0.67 (0.47–0.78) | |
3 or more | 0.61 (0.37–0.78) | |
Pain severity | ||
Mild | 0.78 (0.72–0.81) | < 0.0013 |
Moderate | 0.63 (0.47–0.78) | |
Sever | 0.46 (0.34–0.54) | |
Pain interference | ||
Low | 0.78 (0.62–0.82) | < 0.0012 |
High | 0.47 (0.35–0.61) | |
Percentage of relief by medications | ||
30% or less | 0.50 (0.37–0.64) | < 0.0013 |
40–60% | 0.51 (0.37–0.71) | |
70–100% | 0.76 (0.66–0.81) | |