Serum D-lactate, a novel serological biomarker, is promising for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection

Table 6 Performance of biomarkers from synovial fluid for diagnosing PJI

	AUC (95% CI)	Youden index (95% CI)	Optimal Cut-off (95%CI)	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	PPV (%)	NPV (%)
Synovial D-lactate (mmol/L)	0.87 (0.74 - 0.95)	0.64 (0.38 - 0.76)	1.56 (1.01 - 2.07)	95.65	68.00	73.33	81.82
Synovial fluid white blood cell count (cells/μl)	0.80 (0.64 - 0.91)	0.60 (0.26 - 0.78)	9972.00 (3600.00 – 14536.00.00)	70.00	87.50	90.00	75.00
Polymorphonuclear neutrophil percentage	0.88 (0.75 - 0.96)	0.60 (0.60 - 0.92)	89.00 (86.60 – 89.00)	80.00	100.00	100.00	81.25

PJI Periprosthetic joint infection, AUC Area under the curve, CI Confidence interval, PPV Positive predictive value, NPV Negative predictive value

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