Table 3 Clinical efficacy and intervertebral fusion rate

XLIF

6.12 ± 1.24_a

1.35 ± 0.77_b

1.24 ± 0.68_bc

1.18 ± 0.68_c

< 0.001^†

VAS

OLIF

6.05 ± 1.26_a

1.50 ± 0.63_b

1.30 ± 0.60_bc

1.18 ± 0.66_c

< 0.001^†

XOLIF

6.06 ± 1.39_a

1.37 ± 0.77_b

1.27 ± 0.70_b

1.14 ± 0.71_b

< 0.001^†

p

0.912^$

0.439^$

0.905^$

0.967^$

–

XLIF

48.18 ± 9.39_a

13.51 ± 4.02_b

12.73 ± 3.39_c

12.41 ± 3.31_c

< 0.001^†

ODI (100%)

OLIF

47.27 ± 8.46_a

13.73 ± 4.10_b

13.02 ± 3.88_c

12.55 ± 3.55_c

< 0.001^†

XOLIF

49.37 ± 8.03_a

13.24 ± 3.24_b

12.69 ± 2.97_bc

12.20 ± 2.54_c

< 0.001^†

p

0.464^#

0.859^$

0.974^$

0.969^$

–

XLIF

–

–

–

47/4

–

Fusion (n. yes/no)

OLIF

–

–

–

51/5

–

XOLIF

–

–

–

46/3

–

p

–

–

–

0.861

–