Table 2 Surgical data

Overall parameters

 L3-L4^b

1 (3.6%)

2 (7.7%)

0.604

 L4-L5^a

18 (64.3%)

17 (65.4%)

0.933

 L5-S1^a

9 (32.1%)

7 (26.9%)

0.675

 Incision lengths (cm)^c

4.1 ± 1.2

7.8 ± 1.0

< 0.001

 Intraoperative blood loss (ml) (M ± IQR) ^c

150.0 ± 217.5

200.0 ± 150.0

0.017

 Operative time (min)

193.8 ± 57.9

195.0 ± 56.9

0.558

 Drainage volume (ml)^c

64.6 ± 65.8

186.8 ± 150.0

< 0.001

 Time to ambulation (day)^c

2.1 ± 0.3

3.2 ± 1.3

< 0.001

 Hospitalization duration (day)^c

6.1 ± 2.8

8.5 ± 3.3

0.002

 Blood transfusion rate^d

0 (0%)

4 (15.4%)

 Analgesia ratio^a

3 (10.7%)

12 (46.2%)

0.004

 Hospitalization cost (CNY)^c

61,677.6 ± 32,991.7

72,397.1 ± 20,184.2

0.665