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Table 3 Epidemiological, sport, and training characteristics of the athletes

From: Influence of type I collagen polymorphisms and risk of anterior cruciate ligament rupture in athletes: a case-control study

Variables

Control

(N = 192)

Injured Group (N = 146)

P – valuea

Adjusted OR (CI 95%)b

Non-contact ACL (N = 67)

P – valuea

Adjusted OR (CI 95%)c

 

N (%)

  

N (%)

  

Age (years)d

 18 to 20

85 (44.3)

21 (14.4)

< 0.001

1e

10 (14.9)

< 0.001

1e

 21 to 24

47 (24.5)

33 (22.6)

3.64 (1.80–7.38)

10 (14.9)

2.38 (0.88–6.45)

 25 to 29

35 (18.2)

44 (30.1)

5.31 (2.61–10.80)

19 (28.4)

5.69 (2.29–14.12)

 30 to 45

25 (13.0)

48 (32.9)

7.37 (3.45–15.75)

28 (41.8)

12.52 (5.00–31.38)

Sex

 Female

63 (32.8)

53 (36.3)

0.11

1e

20 (29.9)

0.87

1e

 Male

129 (67.2)

93 (63.7)

0.64 (0.38–1.10)

47 (70.1)

0.94 (0.47–1.88)

BMI (Kg/m2)

  < 25.0

123 (64.0)

77 (52.7)

0.28

1e

37 (55.2)

0.99

1e

 25.0 a 29.9

56 (29.2)

54 (37.0)

1.20 (0.70–2.08)

23 (34.3)

1.00 (0.50–2.03)

  ≥ 30

13 (6.8)

15 (10.3)

2.07 (0.83–5.17)

7 (10.5)

1.28 (0.37–4.42)

Skin colourf

 White

72 (37.9)

52 (37.1)

0.76

1e

26 (40.0)

0.52

1e

 Intermediate

62 (32.6)

53 (37.9)

1.12 (0.62–2.01)

21 (32.3)

0.86 (0.39–1.86)

 Black

51 (26.9)

31 (22.1)

0.83 (0.42–1.61)

15 (23.1)

0.95 (0.41–2.24)

 Others

5 (2.6)

4 (2.9)

1.57 (0.35–7.01)

3 (4.6)

3.31 (0.63–17.39)

Sport modality

 Rugby

79 (41.1)

38 (26.0)

0.01

1e

15 (22.4)

0.03

1e

 Soccer

43 (22.4)

38 (26.0)

1.56 (0.73–3.32)

22 (32.8)

3.12 (1.33–7.36)

 Combat

20 (10.4)

29 (19.9)

4.07 (1.46–11.38)

11 (16.4)

5.57 (1.45–21.48)

 Handball

13 (6.8)

15 (10.3)

5.92 (1.64–21.30)

4 (6.0)

4.40 (0.85–22.86)

 Water polo

21 (11.0)

6 (4.1)

2.62 (0.61–11.27)

4 (6.0)

7.16 (1.14–45.09)

 Others

16 (8.3)

20 (13.7)

6.57 (1.98–21.31)

11 (16.4)

10.22 (2.08–50.24)

Training location

 Grass

121 (63.0)

84 (57.5)

0.005

1e

41 (61.2)

0.01

1e

 Sports court

13 (6.8)

15 (10.3)

0.46 (0.11–1.93)

6 (8.9)

0.07 (0.01–0.78)

 Mat

20 (10.4)

29 (19.9)

0.60 (0.25–1.42)

11 (16.4)

0.28 (0.08–1.00)

 Pool

24 (12.6)

7 (4.8)

0.09 (0.02–0.42)

5 (7.5)

0.04 (0.01–0.42)

 Beach

7 (3.6)

7 (4.8)

0.30 (0.07–1.34)

2 (3.0)

0.05 (0.01–0.60)

 Others

7 (3.6)

4 (2.7)

0.04 (0.01–0.36)

2 (3.0)

0.01 (0.01–0.14)

Years of training d

  ≤ 5

69 (35.9)

24 (16.4)

0.03

1e

11 (16.5)

0.17

1e

 6 to 10

62 (32.3)

39 (26.7)

1.81 (0.93–3.54)

21 (31.3)

2.25 (0.91–5.57)

 11 to 15

41 (21.4)

42 (28.8)

2.51 (1.24–5.06)

14 (20.9)

1.72 (0.64–4.62)

  > 15

20 (10.4)

41 (28.1)

2.65 (1.20–3.54)

21 (31.3)

2.79 (1.02–7.64)

Weekly training hours d

  ≤ 8

63 (32.8)

32 (21.9)

0.40

1e

15 (22.4)

0.29

1e

 9 to 12

58 (30.2)

37 (25.3)

0.94 (0.47–1.91)

16 (23.9)

1.08 (0.43–2.67)

 13 to 18

38 (19.8)

36 (24.7)

1.45 (0.71–2.96)

15 (22.4)

1.51 (0.60–3.83)

  > 18

33 (17.2)

41 (28.1)

1.57 (0.74–3.36)

21 (31.3)

2.26 (0.89–5.73)

  1. OR is the Odds ratio; CI is the confidence interval
  2. aP-value ≤0.05 was obtained through the Chi-squared Test (Pearson P-value)
  3. bOR adjusted by age, sport modality, training location and years of training
  4. cOR adjusted by age, sport modality, and training location
  5. dValues are categorized according to the quartile distribution of the total study population 
  6. eReference value
  7. fInformation was obtained from 230 athletes (control = 190, injured group = 140, non-contact ACL = 65)