Table 3 Muscle activation in the upright standing (Upright) and 30° upper body forward flexed (Flexed) postures

CTRL group

Absolute activation

Mean

5.30

4.66*

8.90

8.26

Range

[3.6–8.1]

[3.1–8.5]

[6.8–12.2]

[6.5–12.1]

STD

1.32

1.28

1.56

1.24

P

–

< 0.001

–

0.020

Activation normalized to preop

Mean

100%

88.4%*

100%

93.6%

Range

–

[66–106]

–

[79–108]

STD

–

11%

–

9.1%

P

–

< 0.001

–

0.016

ASD group

Absolute activation

Mean

5.39

5.19

8.53

8.37

Range

[3.7–8.4]

[3.7–9.4]

[6.3–12.8]

[6.7–12.2]

STD

1.26

1.18

1.60

1.36

P

0.290

–

0.528

Activation normalized to preop

Mean

100%

98.0%

100%

99.0%

Range

–

[69–137]

–

[74–121]

STD

–

17.6%

–

10.4%

P

–

0.368

–

0.522